Betty Neuman

Question 1

 the amount of system instability resulting from stressor invasion of the normal LOD.

Answer 1

Degree to reaction

Question 2

 a process of energy depletion and disorganization moving the system toward illness or possible death.

Answer 2

Entropy

Question 3

a protective, accordion like mechanism that surrounds and protects the normal LOD from invasion by stressors

Answer 3

Flexible LOD

Question 4

 It represents what the client has become over time, or the usual state of wellness. It is considered dynamic because it can expand or contract over time.

Answer 4

Normal LOD

Question 5

 The series of concentric circles that surrounds the basic structure.
 Protection factors activated when stressors have penetrated the normal LOD, causing a reaction symptomatology

Answer 5

Line of Resistance (LOR)

Question 6

 The matter, energy, and information exchanged between client and environment that is entering or leaving the system at any point in time.

Answer 6

Input-output

Question 7

 A process of energy conservation that increase organization and complexity, moving the system toward stability or a higher degree of wellness.

Answer 7

Negentropy

Question 8

 A system in which there is continuous flow of input and process, output and feedback. It is a system of organized complexity where all elements are in interaction.

Answer 8

Open system

Question 9

 Interventions modes for nursing action and determinants for entry of both client and nurse in to health care system.

Answer 9

Prevention as intervention

Question 10

 The return and maintenance of system stability, following treatment for stressor reaction, which may result in a higher or lower level of wellness.

Answer 10

Reconstitution

Question 11

 A state of balance of harmony requiring energy exchanges as the client adequately copes with stressors to retain, attain, or maintain an optimal level of health thus preserving system integrity.

Answer 11

Stability

Question 12

any phenomenon that might penetrate both the F and N LOD, resulting either a positive or negative outcome.

Answer 12

Stressor

Question 13

is the condition in which all system parts and subparts are in harmony with the whole system of the client.

Answer 13

Wellness

Question 14

is a state of insufficiency with disrupting needs unsatisfied

Answer 14

Illness

Question 15

 the primary nursing intervention.
 focuses on keeping stressors and the stress response from having a detrimental effect on the body.

Answer 15

Prevention

Question 16

occurs before the system reacts to a stressor.

strengthens the person to enable him to better deal with stressors

Answer 16

Primary Prevention

Question 17

focuses on preventing damage to the central core by strengthening the internal lines of resistance and/or removing the stressor.

Answer 17

Secondary Prevention

Question 18

offers support to the client and attempts to add energy to the system or reduce energy needed in order to facilitate reconstitution.

Answer 18

Tertiary Prevention

Question 19

3 preventions of betty neuman

Answer 19

Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Tertiary Prevention

Question 20

action which assist individuals, families and groups to maintain a maximum level of wellness, and the primary aim is stability of the patient/client system, through nursing interventions to reduce stressors.’

Answer 20

Nursing (neuman)

Question 21

 “the condition in which all parts and subparts (variables) are in harmony with the whole of the client (Neuman, 1995)”.

Answer 21

Health

Question 22

the totality of the internal and external forces (intrapersonal, interpersonal and extra-personal stressors) which surround a person and with which they interact at any given time.”

Answer 22

Environment

Question 23

 Human being is a total person as a client system and the person is a layered multidimensional being.

Answer 23

Person

Question 24

 the variables of the person in interaction with the internal and external environment comprise the whole client system

Answer 24

Concept

Question 25

is made up of the basic survival factors which include: normal temp. range, genetic structure.- response pattern. organ strength or weakness, ego structure.

Answer 25

Basic Structure/Central core

Question 26

Refers of the physicochemical structure and function of the body.

Answer 26

Physiological

Question 27

Refers to mental processes and emotions.

Answer 27

Psychological

Question 28

Refers to relationships and social/cultural expectations and activities.

Answer 28

Sociocultural

Question 29

Refers to the influence of spiritual beliefs.

Answer 29

Spiritual

Question 30

Refers to those processes related to development over the lifespan.

Answer 30

Developmental

Question 31

exists within the client system.

Answer 31

Internal Environment

Question 32

exists outside the client system.

Answer 32

External Environment

Question 33

Is an environment that is created and developed unconsciously by the client and is symbolic of system wholeness.

Answer 33

Created Environment

Question 34

Relates to adjustive processes taking place as reconstitution begins and maintenance for factors move the back in circular manner toward primary prevention

Answer 34

Tertiary Prevention

Question 35

Relates to general knowledge that is applied in client assessment and intervention in identification and reduction of possible or actual risk factors

Answer 35

Primary prevention

Question 36

Relates to symptomatology following action to stressor appropriate ranking of intervention priorities and treatment to reduce their noxious effects

Answer 36

Secondary prevention

Question 37

Refers of the psychochemical structure and function of the body

Answer 37

Physiological

Question 38

Refers to mental processes and emotions

Answer 38

Psychological

Question 39

Refers to relationship and social/cultural expectation and activities

Answer 39

Socio cultural

Question 40

The first the influence of spiritual beliefs

Answer 40

Spiritual

Question 41

The first to those processes related to development over the lifespan

Answer 41

Developmental