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2nd Semester > BESR > Flashcards

BESR Flashcards

Aralin BESR obviously

1
Q

Is the branch of study dealing with what is the
proper course of action for man

A

ETHICS

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2
Q

is the study of right and wrong in human
endeavors

A

ETHICS

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3
Q

is the method by which we categorize our
values and pursue them

A

ETHICS

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4
Q

is man’s means of deciding on the course of action to take

A

ETHICS

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5
Q

These are actions that proceed from the
deliberate free will of man.

A

HUMAN ACTS

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6
Q

these actions are done with the knowledge and consent, and is willfully carried out by the person (Roa, 2011).

A

HUMAN ACTS

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7
Q

These acts are
determined by the following characteristics: (4)

A
  1. Free and Voluntary acts of man
  2. Done with Knowledge and Consent
  3. Proper to man being a Rational being
  4. Done consciously and entails responsibility
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8
Q

These are actions that naturally exhibited by man and are morally indifferent (neutral) because these actions cannot be judged to be ethical or unethical (Roa, 2011).

A

ACTS OF MAN

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9
Q

Acts of Man is divided into two categories:

A
  1. Natural Involuntary Acts
  2. Natural Voluntary Acts
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10
Q

These are actions of man that are performed involuntarily (e.g. metabolism, heart beating, breathing)

A

Natural Involuntary Acts

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11
Q

These are actions that are within the control of man’s will for some period of time (e.g. sleeping, walking, running)

A

Natural Voluntary Acts

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12
Q

The quality of goodness or badness of a human act

A

MORALITY

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13
Q

This refers to an individual’s own
principles regarding right and wrong. These are Principles or habits with respect to right or wrong conduct. These are also the prescribed dos and don’ts, morality is ultimately a personal compass of right and wrong.

A

MORALS

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14
Q

-are those
actions done
by man in
harmony with
right reason

A

GOOD ACTS

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15
Q

-are those actions
done by man in
contradiction to
the dictates of
right reason

A

EVIL ACTS

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16
Q

-are acts that are
neither good nor
evil

A

INDIFFERENT/
NEUTRAL ACTS

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17
Q

FACTORS OF MORALITY

A

Society
Culture

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18
Q

This is mainly concerned with
how people are within a community is
brought up in that community.

A

Society

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19
Q

Cultural differences in the Philippines contribute to how they perceive whether an act is acceptable or
not.

A

Culture

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20
Q

It is defined as the practical judgment of reason deciding upon an individual act as good and is to be followed or as evil and be avoided.

A

Conscience

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21
Q

This is considered by
traditional ethics as the
proximate norm of morality

A

Conscience

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22
Q

-This happens when a
judgment is made
before an action is
done.

A

Antecedent Conscience

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23
Q

-mainly of the strict
following of rules. Actions are judged as they are disregarding
circumstances.

A

True Conscience
Concerns

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24
Q

-Judges things in a
distorted manner with the considering of morally unacceptable acts as good and vice versa.

A

Erroneous Conscience

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25
Q

-This happens when a
person is uncertain
about a moral
judgment.

A

Doubtful Conscience

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26
Q

-This type sees a
wrong where there is
none.

A

Scrupulous Conscience

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27
Q

-This is the opposite of
the scrupulous
conscience. It is the kind
of conscience which fails to see the wrong where there is a wrong

A

Lax Conscience

28
Q

These deal with general rules about what kind of
behavior is considered right or wrong, good or bad. They point to human qualities relating to how people live together in harmony and outline values that will provide benefit or harm to the larger group rather than an individual.

A

MORAL STANDARDS

29
Q

Sources of Moral Standards

A

Religion
Culture
One’s own life/self

30
Q

These govern individual life, aspirations and desires and may decide a person’s place in his
group.

A

NON- MORAL STANDARDS

31
Q

FACTORS THAT
AFFECT ETIQUETTE

A
  1. Physical
    a. External Appearance
    b. Grace
    2.Psychological
    a. Socialization/Upbringing
    b. Heredity
  2. Other factors
    a. Schooling
    b. Peers
    c. Social Life
    d. Marital Life
32
Q

This is referred to as “crystallized Ethics”. Compared to Morality
and Ethics, ____ regulates man’s external behavior while Ethics
and Morality examines the internal disposition of man with regards to his decisions.

A

LAW

33
Q

These are written rules that encompass Personal, Organizational
and Corporate standards of behavior expected of Professionals
(Roa, 2011).

A

Professional Codes of Ethic

34
Q

The 3 Determinants

A

1.The End of the Action (ACT).
2. The End of the Actor (MOTIVE).
3. Circumstances of the Act.

35
Q

-This refers to the act itself and its
purpose.

A

1.The End of the Action (ACT).

36
Q

-This refers to the intention or the motive
of the doer of the action. The motive of
the agent is different from the purpose of
the action and this varies per individual

A
  1. The End of the Actor (MOTIVE)
37
Q

-This refers to the conditions that affect the human
act by increasing or decreasing the responsibility of
the actor These are not part of the action per set but
these affect the morality of the act on whether it
could be morally justifiable or unjustifiable.

A
  1. Circumstances of the Act.
38
Q

circumstances of time.

A

When

39
Q

circumstances of location or place

A

Where

40
Q

refers to the manner or mode by which the
act is performed.

A

How

41
Q

who or what the act is directed to.

A

To whom

42
Q

Principles of the determinants
of Morality (Glenn, 1968)

A
  1. An indifferent act can become good or
    evil through its circumstances.
  2. A good act can become evil through its
    circumstances.
  3. A good act can become better or an evil
    act could become worse through the
    circumstances.
  4. An evil act can never become good
    through circumstances but it can be
    morally justifiable
  5. A good act done with evil means destroys
    the entire objective goodness of the action.
43
Q

Law 1

A

NEVER OUTSHINE THE MASTER.

44
Q

Law 2

A

NEVER PUT TOO MUCH TRUST IN FRIENDS,
LEARN HOW TO USE ENEMIES.

45
Q

Law 3

A

CONCEAL YOUR INTENTIONS.

46
Q

Law 4

A

ALWAYS SAY LESS THAN NECESSARY.

47
Q

Law 5

A

SO MUCH DEPENDS ON REPUTATION – GUARD IT
WITH YOUR LIFE.

48
Q

Law 6

A

COURT ATTENTION AT ALL COST.

49
Q

Law 7

A

GET OTHERS TO DO THE WORK FOR YOU,
BUT ALWAYS TAKE THE CREDIT.

50
Q

Law 8

A

MAKE OTHER PEOPLE COME TO YOU – USE BAIT IF NECESSARY.

51
Q

Law 9

A

WIN THROUGH YOUR ACTIONS, NEVER THROUGH ARGUMENT.

52
Q

Law 10

A

INFECTION: AVOID THE UNHAPPY AND THE UNLUCKY

53
Q

Law 11

A

LEARN TO KEEP PEOPLE DEPENDENT ON YOU.

54
Q

Law 12

A

USE SELECTIVE HONESTY AND GENEROSITY
TO DISARM YOUR VICTIM.

55
Q

Law 13

A

WHEN ASKING FOR HELP, APPEAL TO PEOPLE’S SELF-INTEREST,
NEVER TO THEIR MERCY OR GRATITUDE.

56
Q

Law 14

A

POSE AS A FRIEND, WORK AS A SPY.

57
Q

Law 15

A

CRUSH YOUR ENEMY TOTALLY.

58
Q

Law 16

A

USE ABSENCE TO INCREASE RESPECT AND HONOR.

59
Q

Law 17

A

KEEP OTHERS IN SUSPENDED TERROR: CULTIVATE AN AIR
OF UNPREDICTABILITY.

60
Q

Law 18

A

DO NOT BUILD FORTRESSES TO PROTECT YOURSELF –
ISOLATION IS DANGEROUS.

61
Q

Law 19

A

KNOW WHO YOU’RE DEALING WITH – DO NOT OFFEND
THE WRONG PERSON.

62
Q

Law 20

A

DO NOT COMMIT TO ANYONE.

63
Q

Law 21

A

PLAY A SUCKER TO CATCH A SUCKER – SEEM DUMBER
THAN YOUR MARK.

64
Q

Law 22

A

USE THE SURRENDER TACTIC: TRANSFORM
WEAKNESS INTO POWER.

65
Q

Law 23

A

CONCENTRATE YOUR FORCES.

66
Q

Law 24

A

PLAY THE PERFECT COURTIER.

2nd Semester (6 decks)

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