berlin crisis Flashcards
what caused the 2nd berlin crisis
khru ultimatum
what was the 2nd berlin crisis over
Fears over potential missile placement and growing economic gap between east and west and concerns over migration issue
when was khrushchev ultimatum?
November 1958
what was khru ultimatum?
The west should remove their occupying forces from Berlin and create a demilitarised city
or the USSR will handover access route over Berlin to the East German government
How do the western forces react to khrushchevs ultimatum?
They reject the ultimatum due to propaganda value of Berlin dolls threats to retaliate with NATO if access was denied
how do the west try to rectify relations and what happens?
Ike invites Khrushchev to camp David but the U2 affair prevents an answer to the German question in Paris
When was the third Berlin crisis?
August 1961
what was the third Berlin crisis?
The construction of the Berlin Wall
Why did the USSR construct the Berlin Wall?
The continued brain drain in GDR of young and skilled workers meant that Khrushchev renew his ultimatum at the Vienna submit
Whose request was the Berlin Wall and when did it commence building?
ulbrickt
13th of August 1961
how did the material of the Berlin wall develop?
It started as barbed wires evolving into concrete walls
Which of its aims did the Berlin wall achieve?
It’s short term aim of stabilising East Germany and preventing migration
how does the USA initially react to the Berlin Wall?
Only condemn it, but don’t act recognising the spheres of influence
What does JFK say about the wall?
A wall is better than a war
by the 27th of October 1961 what has the state of the Berlin wall turned into?
10 Soviet and American tanks stand 100 yards apart from either side of the checkpoint the stand off ends peacefully and tanks are withdrawn to reduce tensions
