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Psychopharmacology > Benzodiazepines, Other Anxiolytics, and Sleep Medications > Flashcards

Benzodiazepines, Other Anxiolytics, and Sleep Medications Flashcards

1
Q

BENZODIAZEPINES

A

Like alcohol in a pill
GABA receptor
Used for anxiety, insominia, alcohol/benzo w/d
benzo/alcohol w/d can be life threatning vs others
inpatient dox needed at times
Used mainly for anxiety and work like alcohol in a pill. These can be addictive and so are used less in substance using patients.
Effects similar to alcohol: disinhibition, relaxation, sedation, dizziness, impaired coordination, decrease sleep quality
Extreme cases: leads to respiratory depression
Opioids do as well
Black Box warning for combo
CA law to offer naloxone if combo
Pregnancy: small possibility of cleft lip/ palate, w/d after delivery
Breastfeeding: may pass, low dose and short acting

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2
Q

Lorazepam

A

Ativan
Benzo
LOT not metabolized by liver

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3
Q

Clonazepam

A

Klonopin

Benzo

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4
Q

Alprazolam

A

Xanax
Benzo
short half life

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5
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Valium

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6
Q

Temazepam

A

Restoril
Benzo
used for sleep
LOT not metabolized by liver

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7
Q

Chlordiazepoxide

A

Librium
Benzo
used for alcohol withdrawal

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8
Q

Alcohol Benzo equivalents

A 
1 beer = lorazepam 1mg
1 beer = alprazolam 0.5mg 
1 beer = clonazepam 0.5mg
1 beer = diazepam 10mg 
1 beer = chlordiazepoxide 251mg
1 beer = temazepam 15mg
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9
Q

Hydroxyzine

A

Vistaril
‘other anxiolytics’
antihistamine
also used for sleep

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10
Q

Buspirone

A 
BuSpar
'other anxiolytics'
serotonin effects 
poor efficacy 
not many side effects
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11
Q

Gabapentin

A 
Neurontin
'other anxiolytics'
benzo lite 
some abuse 
also neuropathic pain
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12
Q

Propranolol

A 
Inderal 
'other anxiolytics'
beta blocker 
Generally used for hypertension 
performance anxiety 
depression se for class
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13
Q

Sleep Treatment

A

First line is sleep hygiene
sleep efficiency
CBT for sleep

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14
Q

Diphenhydramine

A 
Benadryl
sleep medication 
antihistamine and anticholinergic 
also antiparkinsonism 
cognitive effects in elderly
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15
Q

Zolpidem

A

Ambien

sleep medication

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16
Q

Eszopiclone

A

Lunesta
sleep medication
s-enantiomer of zopiclone in other countries

17
Q

Zaleplon

A

Sonata

Sleep medication

18
Q

Sleep medication

A

Benzodiazepine lite

sleep walking

19
Q

Suvorexant

A 
Belsomra
sleep medication 
antagonizes orexin receptors 
orexin R's promote wakefulness 
Impaired alertness/coordination 
Sleep paralysis 
Some abuse potential 
Not much used
20
Q

Ramelteon

A 
Rozerem
Sleep Medication 
Binds to melatonin receptors 
sleep walking 
no e/o abuse 
similar to OTC melatonin 
Increased sleep 7.3 minutes 
Not used much

Psychopharmacology (10 decks)

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