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Pharmacology Exam 7 > Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, Buspirone > Flashcards

Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, Buspirone Flashcards

1
Q

BZD MOA

A

GABAa receptor stimulation between the alpha and gamma subunit

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2
Q

Alpha-1 GABA isoform effects

A

Sedation, amnesia, ataxia

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3
Q

Alpha-2 GABA isoform effects

A

Anxiety and muscle relaxing

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4
Q

Alpha-3 GABA isoform effects

A

Memory and learning

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5
Q

Short acting BZDs

A

Alprazolam
Midazolam
Triazolam

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6
Q

Intermediate BZDs

A

Lorazepam

Temazepam

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7
Q

Long acting BZDs

A

Diazepam

Flurazepam

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8
Q

Which BZD is used for muscle relaxation?

A

Diazepam

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9
Q

Which BZD is a long-acting used for insomnia?

A

Flurazepam

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10
Q

Which BZDs have the most intense rebound?

A

Short acting BZDs

AMT

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11
Q

Which BZDs have the mildest rebound, but the longest lasting?

A

Long acting BZDs

Diazepam, Flurazepam

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12
Q

Which BZDs have very active metabolites?

A

Long acting BZDs

Diazepam, Flurazepam

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13
Q

Which BZDs have the weakest metabolites?

A

Short acting BZDs

AMT

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14
Q

What drug is used to treat BZD overdose at BZD receptor (also includes non-BZDs)?

A

Flumazenil

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15
Q

Flumazenil MOA

A

Competitive antagonist of the GABAa receptor

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16
Q

What is the main risk of Flumazenil?

A

Seizures

17
Q

What increases the likelihood of side effects with Flumazenil?

A

If patient is on BZDs and TCAs

18
Q

What class of drugs is best for acute anxiety and panic attacks?

A

BZDs

19
Q

Which class(es) of drugs is best for chronic anxiety and long-term use?

A

TCAs and Anti-depressants

20
Q

Which effects develop tolerance first to BZDs?

A

Anti-seizure and hypnotics

21
Q

What is the most common side effect of BZDs?

A

Drowsiness/sedation

22
Q

What are the contraindications of BZDs?

A

Elderly (anterograde amnesia)

Pregnancy

23
Q

What is something you would not expect in an overdose toxicity with BZDs?

A

Normal vital signs

24
Q

What is the main use for phenobarbitol?

A

Seizures

25
Q

What is the main side effect of Phenobarbitol?

A

CNS and respiratory depression = fatal

26
Q

Which drug results in alkalinization of the urine (which enhances elimination)?

A

Phenobarbitol

27
Q

What are the first symptoms to develop tolerance to phenolbarbitol?

A

Sedation/hypnotic effect

28
Q

What symptoms do not develop tolerance to phenobarbitol?

A

Respiratory depression

Anti-seizure

29
Q

What is a concern of abrupt withdrawal of phenobarbital on day 2?

A

Deilirum, seizures, death

30
Q

What is the main problem with using Buspirone as treatment for anxiety?

A

Anti-anxiety effect takes 3-4 weeks

31
Q

What are the benefits of using Buspirone for treatment?

A

Little abuse, no rebound anxiety, no dependence, no sedation, no euphoria, no effect on motor skills, safe for pregnancy

Pharmacology Exam 7 (8 decks)

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