Bentham and kant

Question 1

Immanuel KANTS

Answer 1

Categorical Imperative

Question 2

Benthams Act Utilitarism (consequentialists)

Answer 2

Believed that being ethical was about maximising the amount of PLEASURE and minimising PAIN

Question 3

How to measure happiness/pleasure?

Answer 3

Hedonic Calculus

Question 4

When should rules be obeyed?

Answer 4

Only when bringing about the greatest pleasure for the greatest number of people.

Question 5

Hedonic calculus (P I P E D FC)

Answer 5

Purity, Intensity, Propinquity, Extent, Duration, Fecundity, Certainty

Question 6

Define Propinquity

Answer 6

How near or far away the pleasure is

Question 7

define Fecundity

Answer 7

How likely it is to lead to more pleasure

Question 8

Define intensity

Answer 8

How strong the pleasure is

Question 9

Define extent

Answer 9

how many people does the pleasure extend to.

Question 10

Strenghth (1)

Answer 10

It supports what is the best for the majority.

Question 11

Strentgh (2)

Answer 11

Flexible and teleogical; following rules does not aalways maximise happiness

Question 12

Streghth (3)

Answer 12

Pleasure is a reasonable basis since everyone wants to be happy

Question 13

Weaknsesss (1)

Answer 13

prioritese the majority

Question 14

Weakness (2)

Answer 14

Rules and duties are seen as being of no importance to Bentham

Question 15

Weakness (3)

Answer 15

Commits the naturalistic fallacy - just bcc beings enjoy pleasure, it doesn’t follow logically that we put to maximise it.

Question 16

Kant’s, IE KEY POINTS

Answer 16

1) Deontological
2) Only intrinsic good is good will
3) Rules are absolute

Question 17

Define categorical imperative

Answer 17

An absolute unbreakable moral command

Question 18

Summum Bonum

Answer 18

The supreme good

Question 19

Postulate

Answer 19

An assumption that is made to make sense of moral choices: God, Immortality and free will

Question 20

Universalisability principle

Answer 20

act only according to the maxim whereby you can at he same time should become a universal law

Question 21

The practical imperative

Answer 21

Act in such a way that you treat humanity… never simply as a means but always at the same time as an end

Question 22

Strength (1)

Answer 22

Makes rules and dutiesclear

Question 23

strength (2)

Answer 23

Purely rational, making it fa irerthan Benthams

Question 24

Strength (3)

Answer 24

The summum bonum argument makes it clear what morality is all about, therefore compatible with religion

Question 25

weakness(1)

Answer 25

Isn’t applicable to modern day

Question 26

Weakness (2)

Answer 26

Only applies to rational humans; whereas Bentham’s applies to all beings capable of feelings

Question 27

Weakness (3)

Answer 27

Atheists will not accept summum bonum argument