Benign Tumors Flashcards
Describe a squamous papilloma in terms of color, size, sessile vs pedunculated
White or pink, less than 5mm, sessile most often
What tissues are contained in a squamous papilloma lesion?
SSE that is keratinized or parakeratinized. There is a core of vascular connective tissue
Describe the clinical features of verruca vulgaris, color, type of lesion, sessile vs. pedunculated, solitary or multiple
White but occasionally pink, nodule or papule, sessile or pedunculated, multiple
Where do most cases of verruca vulgaris occur?
In the anterior part of the mouth
Describe the histologic appearance of verruca vulgaris
Multiple projections composed of keratinized SSE. Long rete ridges with kilobytes in the outer spinous layer
What types of HPV are associated with verruca vulgaris?
2, 4, 6, 40
Describe condyloma acuminatum in terms of color, texture, sessile vs pedunculated, solitary or multiple
White or pink, warty, sessile, multiple nodules
How does the size of a condyloma acuminatum lesion compare to papilloma?
Tend to be larger
Condyloma acuminatum represents what other disease?
A sexually transmitted one
What tissue and cells are seen in condyloma acuminatum?
Acanthotic SSE and koilocytes. The broad projections have a core of vascular connective tissue
What do lesions look like in Heck’s disease?
Pale plaques or papule which tend to cluster
Where do lesions most often occur in Heck’s disease?
Labial or buccal mucosa
Keratoacanthoma is often mistaken for? What does it arise from?
Cancer, arises from pilosebaceous units
Describe the lesions in keratoacanthoma
Well-defined, umbilicated nodules up to 1.5cm in diameter
Describe the growth pattern of keratoacanthoma
Grows rapidly, reaching full size in 6 weeks and then regresses
What are the most common sites for a melanotic macule?
Vermilion of the lower lip, buccal mucosa, gingiva, and palate
Are melanotic macules solitary or in clusters?
Solitary most of the time
What causes lentigo?
Hyperplasia of melanocytes
Which type of lentigo is unrelated to sun exposure?
Lentigo simplex
What is lentigo senile?
Benign condition that usually occurs on the face, sun-exposed areas
What is lentigo maligna?
Melanoma in situ, the purely radial growth phase. Grows for up to 15 years
Describe the epithelium in lentigo maligna
Atrophic with loss of rate ridges and hyper plastic melanocytes are atypical
Most nevomelanocytic nevi occur in men or women?
Women
What are the most common sites for nevomelanocytic nevi?
Hard palate, buccal mucosa, lip, gingiva
Most oral nevi are of which type?
Intramucosal
What is the 2nd most common type of melanocytic nevus?
Blue nevus
Where do most blue nevi occur?
On the palate
Junctional nevi have nevus cells in what layers?
bulging down from the basal layer
In compound nevi and intramucosal nevi, where are the nevus cells?
In compound they extend from the junction into the lamina propria. Intramucosal, the cells are confined to the lamina propria
Melanoacanthosis most often occurs in who?
African-American females
How does melanoacanthosis present itself?
Dark brown macules or patches in the buccal mucosa. They can be more intensely pigmented centrally
How large can melanoacanthosis lesions get?
Several centimeters
What tissues and cells are seen in melanoacanthosis?
Acanthotic SSE with spongiosis.
Dendritic melanocytes scattered throughout tissue
Eosinophils are seen in the epithelium and lamina propr.
Verruciform xanthoma presents as?
A solitary, red or white, sessile lesion
What causes verruciform xanthoma?
Usually trauma
Who gets verruciform xanthoma and where do they occur?
Middle aged or elder people on the gingiva or alveolar ridge
What are xanthoma cells?
Lipid filled macrophages
Xanthomas are seen in what two illnesses?
Diabetes mellitus and familial disturbances in lipid metabolism
Is a lipoma encapsulated?
Yes
What can cause a herniated buccal fat pad?
herniation of the buccal fat pad through the buccinator muscle
How do you distinguish a buccal fat pad from a lipoma?
Skeletal muscle fibers within the adipose tissue
When do oral lymphangiomas appear
At birth or in the first 2 years of life
Where do oral lymphangiomas appear?
On the anterior dorsal surface of the tongue
What is pathagnomic for oral lymphangioma?
Irregular, grey or pink fluid filled papillations on the anterior dorsal tongue
The papillations of oral lymphangioma are lined by?
Endothelium
What is cystic hygroma?
Large, multicystic lymphangioma of the neck
What symptoms can cystic hygroma cause?
Dysphagia and dyspnea
Are leiomyomas freely movable or fixed?
Freely movable
Are leiomyomas encapsulated? What cells are they composed of?
Encapsulated. Composed of spindle cells with cigar shaped nuclei
How do you definitely diagnosis leiomyoma?
IHC identification of antigenic actin filaments
What do most oral leiomyomas arise from?
Vascular smooth muscle
Are traumatic neuromas freely movable or attached?
Attached
What symptoms may a patient experience with a traumatic neuroma?
Pain or tenderness
In what case is a neurofibroma free movable?
If it arises within the perineurium
Can a neurofibroma be encapsulated?
Yes, if the proliferation occurs within the perineurium otherwise it blends into the surrounding CT
Neurofibromas are composed mostly of what kind of cell?
Schwann cells
