Benign skin lesions Flashcards
warty, raised brown lesion with ‘stuck on’ appearance
seborrheic keratosis - also known as senile warts/basal cell papillomas
pathophysiology of seborrheic keratosis
benign lesions caused by ageing not related to sun exposure
treatment seborrheic keratosis
none required unless symptomatic/for cosmetic reasons - cryotherapy - curettage - topical tricholoracetic acid
what are solar lentigines
small brown macules/patches (flat) due to sun exposure - resemble freckles but present all year round - also known as age spots/liver spots
what causes freckles
increased melanin production not greater melanocyte numbers
- result of UVB exposure
- fade during winter
what are melanocytic naevi
benign proliferations of melanocytes
- genetic
- sun exposure
where are junctional naevi formed?
what is the appearance?
clusters of melanocytes at the dermo-epidermal junction
flat + brown
where are compound naevi formed?
what is the appearance?
clusters of melanocytes in the dermis + at the dermo-epidermal junction
raised + brown
where are intradermal naevi formed?
what is the appearance?
entirely dermal - no pigment from melanocytes
skin coloured + raised
what is this lesion?
halo naevi
- immune response to mole causing loss of surrounding pigment
what is this lesion?
blue naevus
- melanocutes proliferate deep down in dermis instread of making it to basal layer of epidermis so they appear darker
firm, red, brown papule following insect bite
dermatofibroma
- benign tumour of fibroblasts
rapidly growing red lesion that bleeds easily, occurs post trauma
pyogenic granuloma
what is a dermoid cyst?
benign teratoma - contains various tissue types e.g. epithelium, hair follicles, sebaceous glands
appearance of dermoid cyst
smooth, skin coloured, rubbery lump
often found on head, neck, under tongue
what is an epidermoid cyst
benign tumour of sqaumous epithelium which has penetrated into the dermis + filled with keratin
- unline dermoid cysts, does not contain hair follicles
smooth, firm, mobile lump with central punctum
epidermoid cyst
complications of epidermoid cysts
can become inflamed/ infected- cheesy discahrge of keratin through central punctum
what are pilar cysts
varient of epidermoid cysts arising from hair follicle
usually found on scalp
management of dermoid cyst
excision biopsy
what is a lipoma
benign tumour of adipose tissue
features of a lipoma
smooth, soft, painless lump
moveable
trunk, forearms, thighs, back of neck
what is a acrochordon
skin tag
- pedunculated (on stalk) skin coloured papule
- skin folds
- may be result of friction
- cryotherapy if symptomatic/ unsightly
what are campbell de morgan spots
abnormal proliferations of capillaries
non-blanching erythematous papular lesions
common with increasing age
