Bells Palsy Flashcards
What is Bells palsy?
1 - weakness or paralysis of facial muscles on one side of the face
2 - over activation of facial muscles
3 - inhibition of ACh, and no innervation of facial muscles
4 - all of the above
1 - weakness or paralysis of facial muscles on one side of the face
Bells palsy is a weakness or paralysis of facial muscles on one side of the face. Which cranial nerve is affected that causes Bells palsy?
1 - trigeminal nerve (CN V)
2 - oculomotor nerve (CN III)
3 - vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
4 - facial nerve (CN VII)
4 - facial nerve (CN VII)
What is the incidence of Bells palsy?
1 - 20-40 / 100
2 - 20-40 / 1000
3 - 20-40 / 10,000
4 - 20-40 / 100,000
Associated with a virus (most commonly herpes simplex virus)
but 3x higher risk of pregnancy, also associated with diabetes, immunocompromise, obesity, hypertension, upper respiratory infections
4 - 20-40 / 100,000
Is their a gender effect in Bells palsy?
- no
What age is most commonly affected in Bells palsy?
1 - 9 months - 12 years old
2 - 12-36 years old
3 - 15-45 years old
4 - >55 years old
3 - 15-45 years old
All of the following can increase the risk of Bells Palsy, but which 2 have the largest risk factor?
1 - pregnancy
2 - diabetes
3 - immunocompromised patients
4 - hypertension
5 - upper respiratory infections
6 - obesity
1 - pregnancy
- increases the risk by 3
2 - diabetes
- increases the risk by 5
CN VII (7) is affected in Bells palsy. CN VII originates from where?
1 - cerebrum
2 - mid brain
3 - pons
4 - medulla oblongata
3 - pons
2 - cerebrum
2 - midbrain
4 - pons
4 - medulla oblongata
CN VII (7) is affected in Bells palsy. CN VII originates in the pons before traveling through the temporal bone and through which canal in the skull?
1 - carotid canal
2 - facial canal
3 - hypoglossal canal
4 - optic canal
2 - facial canal
Where does CN VII leave the skull?
1 - stylomastoid foreman
2 - foramen spinosum
3 - roramen rotundum
4 - jugular foramen
1 - stylomastoid foreman
Which of the following is NOT part of CN VII the facial nerve?
1 - temporal
2 - zygomatic
3 - maxillary
4 - buccal
5 - mandibular
6 - cervical
3 - maxillary
CN VII (7) is involved in both motor and sensory information. For the lower half of the face the upper motor neuron travels from the motor cortex, before synapsing with the lower motor neuron (LMN) for CN VII in the pons of the brain stem. Does this then remain ipsilateral or contralateral?
- contralateral
- crosses over to the opposite side and synapses with CN VII in pons
- innervates the lower half of the face
CN VII (7) is involved in both motor and sensory information. For the upper half of the face the upper motor neuron (UMN) travels from the motor cortex, before synapsing with the lower motor neuron (LMN) for CN VII in the pons of the brain stem. Does this then remain ipsilateral or contralateral?
- contralateral
- crosses over to the opposite side and synapses with CN VII in pons
- innervates the upper half of the face
There are 2 the upper motor neurons (UMN) that travel from the motor cortex and synapse with the CN VII in the pons:
- 1 innervates lower half of face on contralateral side of the face
- 1 innervates upper half of face on contralateral side of the face
There is also a 3rd motor neuron that travels down from the motor cortex to innervate the top half of the face. Does this innervate ipsilateral or contralaterally?
- ipsilateral
- does not cross onto the opposite side of the pons
- remains on the same side and innervates the upper half of the same side of the face
Which of the following does CN VII innervate?
1 - sublingual gland
2 - submandibular gland (saliva)
3 - mucus membranes
4 - lacrimal glands
5 - all of the above
5 - all of the above
In the ear, which of the following does CN VII innervate?
1 - stapedius muscles
2 - tensor tympani muscle
3 - tympanic membrane
4 - all of the above
1 - stapedius muscles
- used to dampen the vibrations of the stapes, essentially protects you from loud noises