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Archaeology 1132 > Being Human Definitions > Flashcards

Being Human Definitions Flashcards

0
Q

Creationist

A

one who believes that the universe, the earth, life, and humanity are the product of the creation of an all-powerful god

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1
Q

Charles Darwin

A

father of modern science. Developed idea of adaption

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2
Q

Cultural relativism

A

each culture is unique and relative to itself

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3
Q

cutlure

A

learned transmitted behaviour

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4
Q

Dendrochology

A

tree-ring dating. The age of the tree can be determined and associated with the site at which it was found

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5
Q

Ethnology

A

comparative study of culture

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6
Q

Ethnography

A

cultural discription

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7
Q

Fixidity

A

Aline with creationalism. Things are fixed in form, no change over time. -Things wiped out and started over again

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8
Q

Laetoli footprint

A

Fossil footprint. Supports evolution

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9
Q

Historical archaeology

A

study of relatively recent documented periods using material culture as well as text

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10
Q

Holocene epoch

A

geological time we are in

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11
Q

hominid

A

Our Family

  • Any creature believed to be in the direct human line.
  • Bipedal locomotion is the single most salient characteristic of the hominids.
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12
Q

homo sapion sapiens

A

our biological species. The only surviving Hominid

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13
Q

insitu

A

things in place. (artifacts you can not move)

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14
Q

Law of superposition

A

stating that in any undisturbed sequence of rocks deposited in layers, the youngest layer is on the top and the oldest layer is on the bottom.
-Each layer being older then the one above it

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15
Q

Holocene Epoch

A

the recent and current geological epoch. Followed the pleistocene

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16
Q

Linguistics

A

Anthropological study of language

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17
Q

Lucy

A

common name of Australopithecus

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18
Q

Osterdontokratic

A

The tool kit Australopithecus used. They built out of bone, teeth, and horn.

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19
Q

Pleistocene epoch

A

geological epoch beginning about 2.6 million years ago.

-Marked by a succession of colder periods (glacial)

20
Q

Prehistoric Archaeology

A

When we have no written record. Study from material remains

21
Q

Primate

A

our biological order

22
Q

Prosimins

A

first primates

23
Q

quarterary period

A

Period we are currently in, started 2 million years ago

24
Q

Radiometric

A

form of absolute dating, implies you can measure decay

25
Q

relative dating

A

dating developed by comparison

26
Q

sexual dimorphism

A

different size in male and female

27
Q

stratigraphy

A

layers of the earth

28
Q

uniformatarism

A

same events today, happened years ago. We can use today to explain things before

29
Q

unilineal evolution

A

The no longer accepted view that all cultures change or evolve along the same pathway.

30
Q

Miocene epoch

A

25 to 5 million years ago. Forests were more extensive. Arboreally adapted ape species thrived

31
Q

Forensic Anthropology

A

looking at bones to tell us about health or illness

32
Q

endocast

A

fossilized brain, mud cast of what the brain looks like

33
Q

biological anthropology

A

looks at human physical change and variation over time

34
Q

interglacial

A

between glacial events

35
Q

radiocarbon dating

A

a form of carbon dating. Based on the decay of carbon.

-carbon dating can be applied to anything that was once part of a living organism within a range from 50,000 to 500 years ago.

36
Q

Ethnohistory

A

the study of cultures and customs by examining historical records

37
Q

3 point provenince

A

is the position of an archaeological find in time and space, recorded three-dimensionally

38
Q

Absolute dating

A

the determination of the age on an object with reference to a specific time scale

39
Q

adaptation

A

mode or strategy for survival, can be physical or cultural

40
Q

Anthropology

A

the study of humanity

41
Q

Archaeology

A

the study of humanity through the analysis of material remains

42
Q

Artifacts

A

an object manufactured by a human being or a human ancestor. Portable

43
Q

Australopithecus

A

Genus. Ape shape brain with modern human behavioural traits of bipedal locomotion

44
Q

Cenozoic era

A

is the current and most recent of the three Phanerozoic geological eras.

  • From 66 million years ago to the present.
  • Followed the mesozoic era
45
Q

Cuneiform

A

The earliest form of writing in the world.

-Used nearly 6,000 years ago by pressing standardized symbols into wet vlay.

46
Q

Geomorphology

A

The study of physical features (landforms) on the surface of the earth

47
Q

Varves

A

Thin geological layers of slit/ or clay that record annual water deposits in the area. Can be used to study past weather conditions, flooding, lakes, ect.

Archaeology 1132 (6 decks)

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