Behaviourist Approach

Question 1

Operant Conditioning

Answer 1

Skinner:
Learning through consequences of our actions

Question 2

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 2

Stimulus presented to encourage the probibility of the behaviour occuring in the future
e.g. Giving a child a sticker for good behaviour

Question 3

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 3

Stimulus removed but behaviour continues
e.g Giving a child a sweet to stop them crying

Question 4

Positive Punishment

Answer 4

Stimulus presented and encourages the decrease in probibility of behaviour recurring
e.g. Getting detention for bad behaviour

Question 5

Negative Punishment

Answer 5

Stimulus removed to decrease probibility of behaviour occuring again
e.g. Being grounded for being late home

Question 6

Classical Conditioning

Answer 6

Learning through asssociation

Question 7

Pavlov

Answer 7

Conduction on a study of the salivation response in dogs

Question 8

Pavlov stimulus/response

Answer 8

Natural Stimulus: Bell
Unconditioned Stimulus: Food
Unconditioned Response: Salivation
Conditioned Stimulus: Bell association between bell and food
Conditioned Response: Salivation to bell

Question 9

Social Learning Theory

Answer 9

Learning through observation, so would immidate the behaviour of authority figure/person they identify with if they witness them being rewarded (vicarious reinforcement)

Question 10

Skinner

Answer 10

Box that isolates subject from external environment, has behaviour indicator such as a lever or button.
When animal pushes button/lever, box delivers:
A positive reinforcement (food)
A punishment (shock)

Question 11

Bandura

Answer 11

Children more likely to immitate same sex adult because authority figure they identify with
Boys more aggressive than girls
Vicarious Reinforcement: Joy of playing with doll