Behaviourist Approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Behaviourist approach

A

A way of explaining behaviour in terms of learning and what is observable, relying on lab studies

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2
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Pavlov (1927) - Learning through association. Occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired together - an unconditioned and neutral stimulus. The NS eventually produces the same response first produced by the UCS alone

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3
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Skinner (1953) - A form of learning in which behaviour is shaped by consequences. Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement increase likelihood of behaviour repeating, punishment decreases likelihood

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4
Q

Strengths of the behaviourist approach

A
  • Controlled research (eg. Observable behaviour in lab, allowing cause-and-effect relationship to be established)
  • Real world application (eg. Operant conditioning is the basis of token economy systems successfully used in institutions)
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5
Q

Limitations of the behaviourist approach

A
  • Reductionist (eg. Oversimplified, ignoring human thought, emotions and free will)
  • Ethical issues (eg. Animals are unable to consent and lack protection from harm)
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