Behaviourist A01

Question 1

What does the behaviourist approach study?

Answer 1

behaviour that can be observed and measured

Question 2

Why does this approach relate to Darwin?

Answer 2

they believe that the process that govern learning are the same in all species

Question 3

classical conditioning

Answer 3

a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.
Learning by association

Question 4

What experiment shows classical conditioning?

Answer 4

Pavlov’s dogs

Question 5

operant conditioning

Answer 5

refers to learning as an active process whereby humans and animals operate on their environment. Behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences. Positive and negative reinforcement increase the likelihood that behaviour will be repeated.
Punishment decreases the likelihood.

Question 6

What experiment shows operant conditioning?

Answer 6

Skinner’s box.

Question 7

positive reinforcement (skinner’s box)

Answer 7

rat activated lever, then is rewarded by food - desirable consequence so behaviour is repeated

Question 8

negavtive reinforcement (skinner’s box)

Answer 8

Rat shocked by electricity, lever stops shock - desirable situation(no shocks), behaviour repeated

Question 9

positive reinforcement

Answer 9

receiving a reward when behaviour is preformed e.g. compliments

Question 10

negative reinforcement

Answer 10

avoiding something unpleasant when behaviour is preformed

Question 11

punishment

Answer 11

an unpleasant consequence of behaviour

Question 12

reinforment (is)

Answer 12

stimulus

Question 13

punishments (is)

Answer 13

rewards.