Behaviour models with face validity

Question 1

Lee et al., 1996

Answer 1

habituration of fear potentiated startle is mediated by the same neuronal circuit (caudal pontine brainstem) in both rats and humans.

Question 2

Moyer 1963

Answer 2

Rapid, repeated presentation of acoustic stimuli=habituration (i.e. startle response decreases)

Question 3

Lidewig et al., 2003

Answer 3

Schizophrenics show a marked deficit in habituration to repeated acoustic startle response

Question 4

Hoffman and Ison 1980

Answer 4

PPI is the reduction in the acoustic startle response magnitude when a week stimulus (the pre-pulse) is presented around 30-800ms before the startle stimulus

Question 5

Graham 1975

Answer 5

PPI is a phenomena of ‘sensorimotor gating’ that serves to protect ongoing stimulus processing mechanisms from disruption by intervening sensory, motor or cognitive events

Question 6

Braff et al., 1978

Answer 6

Schizophrenics exhibit reduced levels of PPI consistent with a deficit in sensorimotor gating mechanisms

Question 7

Braff et al., 2001

Answer 7

In rats PPI is impaired by acute treatment with amphetamine or apomorphine, 5HT2 receptor agonists and NMDA receptor antagonists (MK-801). Disruptuon is reduced with typical and atypical antipsychotics

Question 8

What symptoms of schizophrenia cannot be modelled?

Answer 8

Dellusions
Hallucinations
Poverty of speech

Question 9

What do schizophrenics show that can be modelled in animals?

Answer 9

Deficit in sensorimotor gating

Question 10

Ellenbroek 2004

Answer 10

PPI and P50 gating paradigm can be used together to tap into different mechanisms of stimulus gating

Question 11

Freedman et al., 1983

Answer 11

Schizophrenics show an impairment of the P50-gating phenomena which is correlated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia