Behaviors And Attitude Flashcards
are defined as beliefs and feelings related to a person or an event
attitudes
When Attitude Predict
Behavior
WHEN SOCIAL INFLUENCES
ON WHAT WE SAY ARE
MINIMAL
WHEN OTHER INFLUENCES
ON BEHAVIOR ARE MINIMAL
WHEN ATTITUDES ARE
SPECIFIC TO THE BEHAVIOR
WHEN ATTITUDES ARE
POTENT
One area deep in the brain (the amygdala, a center
for threat perception) is active as we automatically evaluate social stimuli. For
example, White people who show strong unconscious racial bias on the IAT also
exhibit high amygdala activation when viewing unfamiliar Black faces.
WHEN SOCIAL INFLUENCES ON
WHAT WE SAY ARE MINIMAL
The most widely used attitude measure is the which uses reaction times to
measure how quickly people associate concepts
implicit
association test (IAT)
On any occasion, it’s not only our inner
attitudes that guide us but also the
situation we face. As we will see again
and again, social influences can be
enormous—enormous enough to induce
people to violate their deepest
convictions.
WHEN OTHER INFLUENCES ON
BEHAVIOR ARE MINIMAL
Other conditions further improve the predictive accuracy of attitudes.
As Icek Ajzen and Martin Fishbein (1977, 2005) pointed out, when the
measured attitude is a general one. Ask people if they intend to
floss their teeth in the next two weeks, and they will become more
likely to do so. Ask people if they intend to vote in an upcoming
election, and most will answer yes and become more likely to do so.
WHEN ATTITUDES ARE SPECIFIC TO
THE BEHAVIOR
is
knowing people’s intended behaviors and their perceived self-
efficacy and control
theory of planned behavior
Much of our behavior is
automatic. We act out
familiar scripts without
reflecting on what we’re
doing. FORGING STRONG ATTITUDES THROUGH
EXPERIENCE and BRINGING ATTITUDES TO MIND
WHEN ATTITUDES ARE POTENT
The attitudes that best predict behavior are accessible (easily
brought to mind) as well as stable. In one study, university students
all expressed negative attitudes about their school’s response
to a housing shortage. But given opportunities to act—to sign
a petition, solicit signatures, join a committee, or write a letter
—only those whose attitudes grew from direct experience
acted
FORGING STRONG ATTITUDES THROUGH
EXPERIENCE
Our attitudes become potent if we think about them.
That suggests another way to induce people to focus on
their inner convictions. Maybe you, too, can recall suddenly being acutely
aware of yourself upon entering a room with a large
mirror. Making people self-aware in this way promotes
consistency between words and deeds
BRINGING ATTITUDES TO MIND
WHEN DOES OUR
BEHAVIOR AFFECT OUR
ATTITUDES?
ROLE PLAYING
SAYING BECOMES
BELIEVING
EVIL AND MORAL
ACTS
SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
is borrowed from the theater and, as in the
theater, refers to actions expected of those who occupy a
particular social position. When enacting new social roles, we
may at first feel phony. But our unease seldom lasts. Think of
a time when you stepped into some new role—perhaps your
first days on a job or at college
Role playing
People often adapt what they say to please their listeners.
They are quicker to tell people good news than bad, and
they adjust their message toward their listener’s views
Saying Becomes Believing
The attitudes-follow-behavior principle also works with immoral acts. This sometimes results from gradually escalating commitments. A trifling ______ erodes one’s moral sensitivity, making it easier to perform a worse act.
EVIL AND MORAL ACTS
We have seen that a society’s laws and, therefore, its behavior can
have a strong influence on its racial attitudes. A danger lies in the
possibility of employing the same idea for political socialization on
a mass scale.The practice is not limited to totalitarian regimes.
Political rituals—the daily flag salute by schoolchildren, singing the
national anthem
SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
