Behavioral Sciences: Cognition, Consciousness, and Language (Quicksheets) Flashcards
Define dyssomnia. What are some examples?
Sleep disorders that cause changes in the amount of time of sleep
insomnia
narcolepsy
sleep apnea
sleep deprivation
Define parasomnia. What are some examples?
Odd behaviors during sleep
Night terrors
Sleep walking (somnambulism)
What type of EEG waves would you expect to see when a person is awake?
Alpha and Beta
What type of EEG waves would you expect to see when a person is in sleep stage 1?
Theta
(Light sleep)
What type of EEG waves would you expect to see with a person in sleep stage 2?
Theta
(Sleep spindles and K complexes)
What type of EEG waves would you expect to see with a person in sleep stages 3 and 4?
Delta
What type of EEG waves would you expect to see with a person in REM sleep?
Mostly beta
Drug addiction is mediated by what pathway? What are its components? What is the main neurotransmitter of this pathway?
Mesolimbic pathway
Nucleus accumbens, medial forebrain bundle, and ventral tegmental area
Main NT: dopamine
What are the functions of depressants? What are some examples?
Sense of relaxation and reduced anxiety
Alcohol
Barbituates
Benzodiazepines
What are the functions of stimulants? What are some examples?
Increased arousal
Amphetamines
Cocaine
Ecstasy
What are the functions of opiates/opioids? What are some examples?
Decreased reaction to pain; euphoria
Heroin
Morphine
Opium
Pain pills
What are the functions of hallucinogens? What are some examples?
Distortions of reality and fantasy; introspection
LSD
Peyote
Mescaline
Ketamine
Psilocybin-containing mushrooms
What are the four stages of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor stage
Preoperational stage
Concrete operational stage
Formal operational stage
What occurs during the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development?
Focuses on manipulating the environment to meet physical needs through circular reactions; object permanence ends this stage
What occurs during the preoperational stage of cognitive development?
Focuses on symbolic thinking, egocentrism (inability to imagine what another person thinks or feels), and centration (focusing on only one aspect of a phenomenon)
