Behavioral Science: Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Cluster A disorders

A

Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal

- psychotic-like, but not psychotic

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2
Q

Cluster B disorders

A

Antisocial, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Borderline

- dreaded disorders, behavioral

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3
Q

Cluster C disorders

A

Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive

- anxious, but not anxiety disordered

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4
Q

Paranoid PD

A
  • pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent, beginning by early adulthood
  • not exclusively in the course of schiz or another psychotic disorder
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5
Q

Schizoid PD

A
  • pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions
  • not exclusively in the course of schiz or another psychotic disorder
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6
Q

Schizotypal PD

A
  • pervasive pattern of interpersonal deficits marked by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior
  • not exclusively in the course of schiz or another psychotic disorder
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7
Q

Antisocial PD

A
  • pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of rights of others since age 15
  • must have evidence of a conduct disorder with onset before 15
  • not exclusively in the course of schiz or manic episode
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8
Q

Histrionic PD

A
  • pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early adulthood, such as:
  • sexually seductive or provocative behavior
  • self- dramatization, theatricality, exaggerated emotional expression
  • easily influenced by others
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9
Q

Narcissistic PD

A
  • pervasive pattern of grandiosity beginning in early adulthood
  • need for admiration
  • lack of empathy
  • sense of entitlement
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10
Q

Borderline PD

A
  • pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood. You need at least 5/9 of the following:
    1. frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
    2. unstable and intense interpersonal relationships, alternating idealization and devaluation
    3. persistently unstable self-image or sense of self
    4. impulsivity that is potentially self-damaging
    5. recurrent suicidal behavior or threats, self-mutilation
    6. mood lability and reactivity
    7. chronic feelings of emptiness
    8. frequent or intense anger outbursts
    9. transient paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms
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11
Q

Avoidant PD

A
  • pervasive pattern of social inhibition beginning by early adulthood
  • inhibited in social situations because of feelings of inadequacy
  • hypersensitive to criticism or rejection
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12
Q

Obsessive-Compulsive PD

A

By early adulthood:

  • preoccupied with details, rules, lists, schedules
  • perfectionism interferes with task completion
  • excessively devoted to work and productivity
  • scrupulous about morality, ethics, values
  • unable to discard worn out objects
  • micromanges tasks
  • miserly spending style
  • rigid and stubborn
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13
Q

Dependent PD

A
  • pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of beginning by early adulthood
  • indecisive
  • submissive and clingy
  • difficulty expressing disagreement
  • lack of self confidence, feeling of helplessness
  • goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support from others
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14
Q

Which PDs are more prevalent in women?

A

Paranoid, avoidant, dependent

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15
Q

Which PDs are more prevalent in men?

A

Antisocial

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16
Q

Risk factors for developing PD

A

Not married, impoverished, poorly educated

17
Q

Maternal absence

A

Early maternal deprivation reduces CNS serotonin levels

- nursery rearing conditions do NOT restore serotonin levels

18
Q

Tx for Cluster A

A
  • little studied

- antipsychotics and psychotherapy may provide modest benefit

19
Q

Tx for Cluster B

A
  • psychopharmacology has modest efficacy, especially mood stabilizers and antipsychotics
  • benzos may exacerbate
  • co-occurring conditions may also respond poorly to meds
  • psychotherapy! best for borderlines
20
Q

Tx for Cluster C

A

Psychopharmacology for avoidant

psychotherapy! CBT and psychodynamic