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Neurology > Behavioral Neuro > Flashcards

Behavioral Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

What centers are located in the temporal lobe?

A 
Wernicke's Speech Center (Dominant)
New Verbal memory(MTL Lt)
New visual memory (MTL rt)
Semantic Memory (lat)
Face/Object Recognition(post)
Emotional Processing(Amyg)
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2
Q

What is the common reason for Amnesic Syndromes?

A

Disruption of the Papez circuit

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3
Q

What is the common reason for damage to the MTL?

A

Hypoxia, HS encephalitis, Early AZ, PCA strokes, surgery

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4
Q

What is the common reason for damage to the Diencephalon?

A

Korsakoff Synd(thiamine def), thalamic strokes, surgery

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5
Q

What is the common reason for damage to the Basal Forebrain?

A

ACA Aneurism bleed or clipping w/ damage to small perforating arteries

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6
Q

Where are memories stored?

A

Hippocampus

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7
Q

What is the role of the frontal lobe?

A

Decides whether a retrieved memory is plausable for a given context (cant tell true mem from false mem)

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8
Q

What centers are in the Parietal Lobe?

A

Cortical Sensation
Praxis (Dom lobe)
Spatial Orientation (non-dom lobe)

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9
Q

WHat is the purpose of the Non-dominant Parietal lobe?

A

Neglect
Anosagnosia
Dressing Apraxia
Visuo-spatial Disorientation

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10
Q

What centers are found in the Frontal lobe?

A

Broca’s speech center (Dom)
Executive functions(Bi)
Attention(Bi) -Social Cognition

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11
Q

What disfunction is associated with the MDPC?

A

Akinetic mutism, withdrawl, lack of initiative, poverty of speech

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12
Q

What disfunction is associated with the DLPC?

A

Impaired Abstraction and logical thinking, poor planning, poor judgement, impaired working memory and attn, poor memory organization

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13
Q

What disfunction is associated with the OFC?

A

Impulsive and antisocial behavior, high risk behavior, stimulus boundness, unstable mood

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14
Q

What is the role of Wernicke’s area?

A

Decoding and Generating speech

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15
Q

What is the role of Broca’s area?

A

Motor part of speech

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16
Q

What happens if the connection between Wernicke’s and Broca’s is lesioned?

A

Pt can understand language but cannot formulate a response

17
Q

What is Apraxia?

A

Loss of the ability to perform a learned, familiar, purposeful motor act. HAve desire and Phys ability to do so.

18
Q

What is Prosopagnosia?

A

Face Blindness- cant recognize familiar faces

19
Q

WHat are areas of focus in the patient interview?

A 
Cog Domains effected
Progression of problems
Insignt into condition
ADLs
Mood
ASK FAMILY SAME QUESTIONS!
20
Q

What labs should be done in Eval of Dementia?

A

Imaging study (MRI)
Blood work for rev causes: B12, TSH, LFTs, BMP, CBC
(Some: RPR, HIV, ApoE4)

21
Q

What is the Progression of Alzheimer’s disease?

A

CC formation of new memories
Prog: Visuospatial, naming and semantic memory
Orientaton impaired
Symp onset later in life

22
Q

What is mild cognitive impairment in AD?

A

There is a decline from normal but the Pt can still live independantly.

23
Q

WHat are the features of Frontotemporal Dementia?

A

Most Underdiagnosed
Heterogeneous presentation
CC: Beh change, Imp speech, dysexecutive synd
Earlier onset

24
Q

What are the traits of Subcortical dementia?

A

Pres with Slowed Psychomotor speed, memory loss, exec dysfunction
Assoc. w/ basal ganglia dis, demyelination, vascualr events

25
Q

What are the features of Dementia wit Lewy bodies?

A

Central: Dysexecutive syndrome
Core: Visual hallucinations
Parkinsonism
Fluct cognition

26
Q

What are the features suggestive of DLB?

A

REM sleep behavior disorder, neuroleptic sensitivity, PET/SPECT

27
Q

What are the types of Vascular Dementia?

A

Multi infarct Dementia

Diffuse White Matter Disease

28
Q

What is the Tx of Dementia?

A 
AChE inhibitors
-Donepezil
-Rivastigmine
-Galantamine
Slow or stabilize, don't stop
Decline if discontinued!
29
Q

What are the SA of AChEIs?

A

GI disturbance
Vivid Dreams
Inc Agitation

30
Q

When is memantine used?

A

Moderate to Advanced AD. (NMDA receptor leak current blocker)

31
Q

What medications should be limited in AD?

A 
Anticholinergic meds (tylenol PM)
Sedatives
32
Q

WHat is the Tx of Dementia?

A

Anti Depressants as needed
Mood stabilizers
Atypical Antipsychotics
(Quetiapine least anti Dop eff)

33
Q

How Can Dementia be prevented?

A

Exercise!
Healthy Diet (Mediterranean diet)
Cognitive Activity

Neurology (9 decks)

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