Behavior Modification, Behavioral Objectives Flashcards
A statement that describes a specific target behavior in observable and measurable terms
Behavioral Objective
______________ behavioral objectives are designed to culminate in the achievement of the selected _________________ goals.
Short-Term; Long-Term
3 Requirements for Behavioral Objectives
- Do Statement
- Condition
- Criterion
This identifies the specific action the client is expected to perform; it must have a verb
“Do” Statement
This identifies the situation in which the target behavior is to be performed
Condition
This specifies how well the target behavior must be performed for the objective to be achieved
Criterion
An objective must be ____________________ through observation and assessment.
Measurable
Criterion usually designates successful performance of a behavior at what rate?
80%
Types of Communicative Behaviors to be Reduced (5)
- Language Disorders
- Articulation Disorders
- Voicing Disorders
- Fluency Disorders
- Swallowing Disorders
What are some undesirable general behaviors that interfere with treatment?
- Inattention
- Crying, fussing, other emotional conduct
- Out of seat, uncooperative behavior
- Absenteeism
- General Unresponsiveness
- Distracting Verbal Behaviors
What are the 3 components (ABCs) of Behavior Modification?
Antecedent Event (stimulus) Behavior Exhibited (response) Consequence (reinforcement or punishment)
Procedures for increasing desired behavior or decreasing unwanted behavior through operant conditioning
Behavior Modification
The event that precedes and elicits a response
Stimulus
The behavior exhibited upon presentation of a stimulus
Response
A reinforcement or punishment contingent on and immediately following a response
Consequence
Types of Consequences (3)
- Positive Reinforcement
- Negative Reinforcement
- Punishment
T/F Punishment directly reinforces the desired behavior.
False. Punishment is only presented when undesired behavior occurs, so there is no association made with the correct behavior.
What are the 2 types of Negative Reinforcement?
- Escape (eliminate adverse condition)
2. Avoidance (prevent possible adverse condition)
Reinforcement can be ____________________ (used for every correct performance) or it can be ________________________ (used for only some correct responses)
Continuous; Intermittent
What is ABA?
Applied Behavior Analysis (also called Lovaas Therapy)
What are some types of ABA Interventions (7)
Behavior Modification Pivotal Response Treatment Discrete Trial Training Incidental Training Shaping Task Analysis/Chaining Fluency Based Instruction
A basic stimulus-response style of intervention; previously mastered materials interspersed with new, errorless procedures
Discrete Trial Instruction (DTI)
The type of intervention that often occurs in the client’s home, with variation in instructional targets and loose shaping contingencies, playful
Pivotal Response Training
Intervention that uses the current situation or activity and makes use of natural enforcers, capitalizes on periods of high motivation
Incidental Teaching
Intervention that uses differential reinforcement of successive approximations to a specified target behavior; one member of a response class is reinforced while others previously emitted are not
Shaping
A specific sequence of responses, each associated with a particular stimulus condition, (e.g., washing hands); reinforcement of preceding response is stimulus for next response
Task Analysis/ Chaining
The fluid combination of accuracy plus speed that characterizes competent performance
Fluency Based Instruction
T/F Challenging behaviors are ones that are abhorrent.
False.
When managing challenging behaviors and considering ABA Interventions, we must:
Describe ___________________;
identify ___________________;
identify ____________________ _____________;
identify ____________________.
Challenging Behavior;
Triggers;
Desired Behavior;
Supports
What are the 2 different schedules for reinforcement?
Continuous Intermittent (fixed ratio, fixed interval, variable ratio, variable interval)
