Basic Clinical Principles

Question 1

5 Steps in Process of Intervention

Answer 1

1. Identify Problem
2. Hypothesize
3. Manipulate Variable
4. Collect Data
5. Analyze

Question 2

What is programming?

Answer 2

The selection of therapy targets

Question 3

What 2 factors should therapy goals be based upon?

Answer 3

1. Client Concerns

2. Assessment Results

Question 4

Evidence Based Practice: Intervention based on _______________ _________________ and designed with ___________ abilities in mind.

Answer 4

scientific evidence; client’s abilities

Question 5

A minimum of how many stimuli should be presented to establish a baseline?

Answer 5

20

Question 6

A minimum of how many opportunities should a client perform when establishing a baseline?

Answer 6

3

Question 7

Baselines measures following below _______ accuracy may represent potential intervention targets.

Answer 7

75%

Question 8

Strategy based on known developmental sequences of communicative behavior in “typical” individuals; therapy targets are taught in the same general order as they emerge developmentally

Answer 8

Developmental or

Normative Strategy

Question 9

T/F: Developmental norms take priority when selecting therapy targets

Answer 9

False. Issues that impact the client most should take priority over developmental norms.

Question 10

Selection of therapy targets is based on individual’s specific needs and how a communicative behavior is affecting the client’s daily activities

Answer 10

Client-Specific Strategy

Question 11

Factors that will influence selection of Treatment Targets (3)

Answer 11

Assessment Data
Client’s Concerns
Prior Developmental Behaviors

Question 12

3 Steps in Sequencing Therapy Targets

Answer 12

1. Teach New Behavior
2. Present Related Subsequent Activities
3. Client Produces Behavior in Generalized Setting

Question 13

What 3 factors determine the progression of Therapy Sequencing?

Answer 13

1. Stimulus Type
2. Task Mode
3. Response Level

Question 14

The nature of the input used to elicit target responses

Answer 14

Stimulus Type

Question 15

The amount of clinician support provided during therapy

Answer 15

Task Mode

Question 16

The degree of difficulty of target responses

Answer 16

Response Level

Question 17

Task mode should begin at next “easier” level when score is at what level?

Answer 17

Below 50%

Question 18

Task mode should begin at level of baseline assessment when score is at what level?

Answer 18

Between 50% - 75% Accuracy

Question 19

Client’s ability to transfer newly mastered communicative behavior beyond the clinical setting

Answer 19

Generalization

Question 20

Ways to facilitate generalization in therapy

Answer 20

• use real (familiar) objects and stimuli
• use typical routines and activities
• use peers and family members
• use high-frequency words

Question 21

When therapy is conducted within the natural environment, _______________ is automatically “built in.”

Answer 21

Generalization

Question 22

What are some general criteria for terminating therapy?

Answer 22

• Communication Skills Commensurate with Chronological Age or Developmental Age
• Functional Communication skills allow client to operate in daily environment without significant handicap
• Client plateaus; lack of discernible progress over predetermined time period

Question 23

What are some considerations for dismissing a child from therapy?

Answer 23

• Have goals been met?
• Are Communication skills within normal limits?
• Has child reached optimal proficiency?

Question 24

What is IDEA

Answer 24

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

Question 25

IDEA service mandates are based on what area of an individual’s performance?

Answer 25

Educational Performance

Question 26

Name the 3 levels of stimulus

Answer 26

1. Direct Physical Manipulation
2. Concrete Symbols (objects, photos)
3. Abstract Symbols (oral & written language)

Question 27

Name the 3 levels of task modes

Answer 27

1. Imitation
2. Cue/Prompt
3. Spontaneous