beginnings of medicine (1)

Question 1

Imhotep

Answer 1

ancestor to modern physicians-polymath-later deified

Question 2

Georg Ebers Papyrus

Answer 2

most important and oldest surviving “medical text”-

Question 3

Mycenean Era

Answer 3

traded with Egypt so knew their medical stuff-shamanic healers and Gods caused illnesses

Question 4

Athenian plaque

Answer 4

killed thousands-cost them war against Sparta

Question 5

Asclepiads

Answer 5

people claiming heritage to Asclepius

Question 6

Asclepius

Answer 6

son of Apollo “blameless physician”

Question 7

Asclepions

Answer 7

temples of healing

Question 8

Epidouros

Answer 8

most celebrated Asclepion

Question 9

Empedocles

Answer 9

postulated 4 elements “earth, fire, wind, water”= roots

Question 10

Almaceon

Answer 10

first suggested health was balance of humours - possible first human dissection-described optic nerve

Question 11

Hippocrates

Answer 11

“father of medicine” in western tradition- professionalism, discipline, rigorous practice, careful observations, records

Question 12

primum non nocere

Answer 12

first do no harm - hippocrates

Question 13

Corpus Hippocraticum

Answer 13

rational explanations for body and health -rejected that Gods caused illness, etc. -many authors -observation over theory

Question 14

4 humours

Answer 14

yellow bile- summer , black bile = fall, blood= spring, phlegm = winter

Question 15

Hippocratic regimen included (5)

Answer 15

diet, exercise, sleep, athletics, right living to alter disease process

Question 16

hippocratic diagnosis

Answer 16

taking the patient’s history

Question 17

hippocratic medicine placed emphasis on (2)

Answer 17

prognosis (the look of dying) and expectative therapy (healing power of nature)

Question 18

hippocratic medicine disapproved of (2)

Answer 18

heroic intervention, risky procedures

Question 19

Alexndria

Answer 19

founded by Ptolemy- center of learning and medicine

Question 20

Herophilus (5)

Answer 20

Greek founder of Alexandria medical school- dissected humans - nerves caused movement -first to study pulse - arteries contained blood

Question 21

Erasistratus (6)

Answer 21

also founded Alexandria medical school -called body a machine -cadavers=mummies -denied teleology -valves of heart -heart=pump

Question 22

Medici

Answer 22

physicians in Roman times -mainly slaves

Question 23

valetudinaria

Answer 23

sort of like a hospital -only on wealthy estates or for the military (Roman times)

Question 24

Galen

Answer 24

most influential of the ancients -physician to gladiators and emperors -anatomy based on animals -got much wrong

Question 25

Galen therapeutics (5)

Answer 25

venisection, some surgery, mainly regimen, rejected magical/spiritual care -mind/body linky