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Chemistry > Beginnings Of Chemistry Wks 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Beginnings Of Chemistry Wks 1 & 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an electron?

A

A subatomic particle with a charge of -1 that is outside an atomic mass.

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2
Q

What is an ion?

A

Is an atom or group of atoms, that has a net positive or negative charge.

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3
Q

What is a cation?

A

An ion with a positive charge. Where the neutral atom loses one or more electrons.

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4
Q

What is an anion?

A

An ion with negative charge. Where a neutral atom gains one or more electrons.

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5
Q

Describe metals of the periodic table and where to find them.

A

Left hand side of the periodic table.

Good conductors of heat and electricity, are malleable and ductile and have the usual metallic lustre.

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6
Q

Describe non-metals of the periodic table and where to find them.

A

Hydrogen and include most of the right hand side of the periodic table.
Non-ductile, non-malleable, non-conducting elements.

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7
Q

Describe metalloids and where they can be found on the periodic table.

A

Lie between metals and non-metals. They tend to be semi-conductors.

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8
Q

Where will you find alkali metals on the periodic table?

A

The 1st group.

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9
Q

Where will you find the alkaline earth metals on the periodic table?

A

2nd group.

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10
Q

Where will you find halogens on the periodic table and where are they?

A

17th group. They are reactive non-metallic elements.

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11
Q

Where will you find Nobel gases in the periodic table?

A

18th group. Most stable

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12
Q

What is the mass number in regards to an atom?

A

The numerical sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

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13
Q

What is a neutron?

A

A subatomic particle with a 0 charge and a mass of 1.008u that exists in all nuclei except those of the hydrogen isotope.

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14
Q

What is a proton?

A

A subatomic particle with a charge of +1 and a mass of 1.0073u that is found in atomic nuclei.

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15
Q

What is the/a nucleus?

A

The dense core of an atom that comprises protons and neutrons.

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16
Q

What is the/a atomic number?

A

The number of protons inside the nucleus.

17
Q

What is an atom?

A

A neutral particle having a central positively charged nucleus, the smallest representation if an element and he nucleus is surrounded by negatively charged electrons.

18
Q

What is a compound?

A

A chemical substance containing two or more elements in a definite and unchanging proportion.

18
Q

How do you classify a substance?

A

A substance can be compounds or elements and only one chemical species is present.

19
Q

How can you classify a mixture?

A

Can contain two or more chemical species and can be separated into pure substances by physical means. Mixtures can be homogenous - single phase or heterogeneous - different phases.

20
Q

What is an element?

A

Matter made up of a single type of atom.

21
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything with measurable mass and volume.

22
Q

How do you define intensive and extensive properties in chemistry?

A

Are types of physical properties of matters.
Intensive properties - do not depend on the amount of matter that is present. Eg. Colour & density.

Extensive properties - DO depend on the amount of matter that is present. Eg. Volume & weight, length etc.

23
Q

Define a unit.

A

Unit is a specific standard quantity of a particular property, against which all other quantities of that property can be measured.

24
Q

What is the difference between accuracy and precision?

A

Accuracy - a measurement is of high accuracy if it is close to the correct value.

Precision - a group of measurements is of high precision if all the values lie close together.

25
Q

Volume and density are?

A

Two common measurements.
Volume - is related to the quantity of the substance at a defined temperature and pressure.

Density - indicates how much of a substances occupies a specific volume at a defined temperature and pressure.

26
Q

What are isotopes?

A

Are atoms of the same elements with a different number of neutrons in their nuclei.

27
Q

What is molecular formula?

A

It specifies the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule. E.g. Glucose - C6 H12 O6

28
Q

What are the 2+ cations?

A 
Barium - Ba
Magnesium - Mg
Zinc - Zn
Copper II - Cu
Iron II - Fe
Beryllium - Be
Calcium - Ca
Cobalt - Co
Tin - Sn
Mercury - Hg
Lead - Pb
29
Q

What are the cations with a 1+ charge?

A 
Hydrogen ion - H
Sodium - Na
Potassium - K
Sliver - Ag 
Copper I - Cu
Lithium - Li
Ammonium ion - NH4
Rubidium - RBC
Caesium - Cs
30
Q

What are the cations with a 3+ charge?

A

Iron III - Fe

Aluminium - Al

31
Q

What are the common anions with a 1- charge?

A 
Hydride - H
1st 4 elements in the halogen group - F, Cl, Br & I
Nitrite & nitrate - NO2 & NO3
Bisulfate - HSO4
Hydroxide - OH
Cyanide - CN
Bicarbonate - HCO3
Permanganate - MnO4
Acetate - CH3COO
Superoxide - O2
Thiocynanate - SCN
32
Q

What are the common anions with a 2- charge?

A 
Oxide - O2
Sulfide - SO3-
Sulfate - SO4-
Carbonate - CO3
Peroxide - O2
33
Q

What are some of the common anions with a 3- charge?

A

Nitride - N
Phosphide - P
Phosphate - PO4

Chemistry (5 decks)

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