Beer Flashcards
What is Amylase?
In the modern brewing process, the first step is to create the malted barley, or malt. Barley- the cereal grain of choice for most beers- is steeped in water for approximately two days to promote germination of the grain, once the grain begins to germinate, or sprout, it is transferred to compartments with controlled temp. and moisture levels. As the sprout grows to nearly an inch in length, the enzyme amylase is produced which will convert the starchy carbs of the grain into the fermentable sugars Maltose and Dextrin
Beer Production Processes
Conversion Extraction Flavouring Fermentation Conditioning
Types of Malt
Germination malts the barley producing two enzyme- Diastase and Amylase. Pale Malt- light roast. Maximum sugar basis of all beers. Lager Malt- Light roast- less sugar than pale. Crystal Malt- Medium roast, fuller flavour, used in Pale and Light Ales. Black/ Chocolate Malt- heavy roast, caramelised sugars used in stouts and brown ale
Lager (Service Temperature)
8- 11 degrees
Ale and Draught (Service temps)
12- 14 degrees
Trappist Ales, Stouts, Brown Ale, Lambic Beers (Service Temp)
16- 18 degrees
What is Saccharomyces Pastorianus?
A synonym for Saccharomyces Carlbergensis, a lager yeast
How can Pear juice be used in cider?
Cider from Pear juice is called perry.
Some locales allow pear to be mixed with Apple to make cider
What are hops?
Flower from Humulus Lupus.
Adds flavour and bitterness, plus preservative and antiseptic qualities.
What is Bavarian purity law?
Reinheitsgebot
1516
Authorised barley, hops and water
What are the major types of Ales?
Pale Ale Bitters Porters Stouts Wheat and Weisse
What is a pale ale?
Usually Bronze or Copper coloured ale
What is a Bitters?
A well hopped ale with good acidity and a hoppy bitterness at the finish.
What is a Porter?
Dark Color Ale
What is a Stout?
Darker than Porters, almost black in colour.
What is a Wheat or Weisse?
Beer made from wheat having a tart, spicy palate
What are the major types of Lagers?
Pilsner
Bock
What is a Pilsner?
Classic beer golden in colour with a flowery aroma and dry finish.
What is a Bock?
German for a strong lager
What is a cider?
Fermented beverage from apple juice
What varietals of apples are used in cider?
Golden Russett Kingston Black Apple Stoke Red Dymock Red Harrison Cider Apple Campfield Hewe's Virginia Crab Yates
What types of Apples are used in Cider?
Sweets- Low in tannin and acidity, Sharps- High in acidity and low in tannins, Bittersweets- low in acidity and high in tannin, Bittersharps- High in acid and tannin
State the steps of beer production
Harvesting the barley- germination- Kiln (for toasting)- Grind- Steep- Fermentation- Filter- Pasteurize- Condition
Define Hops?
A herb that adds bitterness to beer
Name the 2 styles of beer within each of the 2 main beer categories
Ale- stout, porter, blond, Amber, Trappist, wheat, bitters, lambic
Lager- Pilsner, bock
State the ingredients allowed in Bavarian Purity Law?
Water, Hops, Barley