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ANSC 240 > Beef Cattle Reproductive MGMT > Flashcards

Beef Cattle Reproductive MGMT Flashcards

1
Q

Birth weight

A

50-120 pounds

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2
Q

Weaning age

A

5-8 months

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3
Q

Weaning weight

A

400-800 pounds

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4
Q

Females mature weight

A

900-1800 pounds

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5
Q

Male mature weight

A

1400-3000 pounds

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6
Q

Slaughter weight

A

1000-1500 pounds liveweight

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7
Q

Heifers are bred to calve at what age?

A

2 years

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8
Q

Heifers reach breeding age at..?

A

14-19 months

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9
Q

Gestation length

A

9 months (280-283 days)

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10
Q

What dictates the time of calving?

A

Type of cattle operation

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11
Q

Which types of farm calve in January? Fall?

A

Show farms; commercial herds (Southern IN)

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12
Q

Do Heifers continue to grow after calving?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Estrous cycle length

A

21 days

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14
Q

Estrus

A

13-17 hours

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15
Q

After calving, how long until they go into heat again?

A

45 days

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16
Q

Normal Calf Crop

A

90%

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17
Q

Desirable Calving Interval

A

12 months

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18
Q

Should bulls be the same age as heifers they’re breeding?

A

Yes

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19
Q

What is a Breeding Soundness Examination for bulls?

A

Reproductive exam

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20
Q

How often should bulls have a BSE?

A

Yearly

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21
Q

One young bulls (about how many years?) should breed how many cows?

A

2 years; 20 cows

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22
Q

Older bull can breed how many cows?

A

30

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22
Q

Bulls can be greatest genetic advancement because..?

A

They breed multiple cows

22
Q

Heritability ranges from what to what? Which number represents fully heritable traits?

A

0.0 (not heritable) - 1.0 (fully heritable)

22
Heritability definition
Difference in individuals that is related to genetic make-up. The portion of the difference in genetic traits passed on from generation to generation
22
Is AI a common practice?
Yes
22
The higher the ______ of a trait, the _______ the pace of progress that can be made on expression of that trait
Heritability; greater
22
Does AI lead to greater leaps in genetic advancement?
Yes
23
Can an inexperienced person with the wrong equipment practice AI?
No
23
What does AI require?
Head gate and preferably good working facilities
23
3 stages of parturition
Preparatory, delivery, and afterbirth
24
How long does the preparatory stage last?
2-6 hours
25
How long does the delivery stage last?
1 hour or less
26
How long does the afterbirth stage last?
2-8 hours
27
What does the delivery stage include?
Cow lays down, fetus enters birth canal, front feet and head protrude first, calf delivery completed
27
What does the preparatory stage include?
Calf rotates to upright position, uterine contraction begin, water sac expelled
28
What does the afterbirth stage include?
Caruncle-cotyledon (button) attachments relax, uterine contractions expel membranes, expulsion of placental tissues
29
Normal delivery should be completed how many hours after the water sac appears in heifers? Cows?
2-3 hours; 2 hours
29
If prolonged delivery, what happens to calf?
Might be born weak or dead
30
Do you need good facilities to handle cases of dystocia?
Yes
30
Calving areas should have what in cold weather?
Windbreaks and straw
31
Calves need to be born in what areas?
Non-muddy
32
What should be provided to calving cows when wind chill temps are below 20 degrees F
Windbreaks
33
What to do to newborn calf?
Clean the airways and clean mucus from mouth area
34
If calf is slow to respond...
Stimulate the calf by rubbing vigorously, give artificial respiration, respect cow
35
If everything is normal with cow...
Keep away from cow and watch from a distance
36
You should especially keep away from mom and watch from a distance with which females?
Heifers
37
Colostrum does what?
Cow passes on her immunity to the calf
38
Is the first milk vitally important for calf's life?
Yes
39
When should the calf consume colostrum? By what time should the calf have drank?
ASAP (within a few hours); 12-24 hours
40
What should be done with cows that refuse to let calves nurse?
Restrain, milk, and give milk to calf
40
For how long does colostrum give the calf immunity?
6 months
41
At what age can a calf outrun humans?
One day of age
42
Should do what to newborn calf?
Add an ear tag and record birth weight
43
Is one day of age a good time to castrate?
Yes. The younger, the less stress
44
What other farm equipment should be included in calving areas?
Woven wire fences
45
What should a calving tool/supplies kit include?
Waterproof box to put supplies in, ID tags + tagger, notebook to record info, bander + bands for castration, calve sleeves & lube for difficult births

ANSC 240 (6 decks)

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