Becoming a scientist / Introduction to Science

Question 1

apparatus

Answer 1

specialised equipment needed for a particular purpose.

Question 2

Bunsen burner

Answer 2

a small adjustable gas burner used in laboratories as a source of heat

Question 3

Celsius

Answer 3

a scale of temperature on which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100°.

has the symbol (c)

Question 4

Controlled Variable

Answer 4

all other variables in the experiment which are kept the same (ie controlled) on purpose other than the independant and dependant variable.

pictured: In this case

the size of the soft drink bottle (all the same) is controlled.

Question 5

Variable

Answer 5

is anything that can change or something that can affect the results of an experiment.

Pictured: are all variables

• the different types of soft drinks
• the amount of menthos used
• the temperature of the soft drink
• The volume of soft drink

Question 6

Independant variable

Answer 6

The factor or variable we c_hange intentionally_ to test how it affects the experiment

Pictured: the types of soft drink are being changed

Question 7

Dependant variable

Answer 7

is the variable that changes as a result of the independant variable. ie the one that is measured.

pictured: the height the soft drink reaches after the menthos has been added.

Question 8

experimental observations

Answer 8

the use of all your senses to record what has happened during an experiment, this includes sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch

Question 9

Observation can be bothe qualtative or quantative. what is the difference

Answer 9

qualtative - use words to describe observations such as colour, sour, hot, cold are all qualtative descriptions.

quantative - use measurement or numbers (amounts) 34 m or 25 degress are quantative observations.

Question 10

what are units

Answer 10

measurements are usually followed by units, metres, seconds, kiolograms are all units

• distance is measure in metres (m)
• time is measure in seconds (s)
• mass is mesaured in kilograms (kg)

Question 11

meniscus

Answer 11

when measuring take your reading from the bottom of the meniscus

The shape liquid makes in a measuring cylinder.

Question 12

parallax error

Answer 12

When measuring, looking from the side or above can produce errors and are called parallax errors

Question 13

Scientific Diagram

Answer 13

cuttingtheequipmentinhalf

Simple diagrams that show scientific equipment.

-use a pencil and a ruler
- label equipment
- dont have floating equipment

Question 14

Name the following Scientific equipment

Answer 14

* Bunsen burner

* Retort Stand

* evaporating basin

* Test tube

Question 15

When drawing graphs

Answer 15

• label each axis with a heading and units
• include a heading with your graph
• make sure both axis scales are linear
• use x’s to mark the points
• use a ruler to join the X’s

Question 16

What is an inference?

Answer 16

An inference isa conclusion or educated guess drawn from observations as well as previous knowledge.

Question 17

What is the Si unit for volume

Answer 17

Litres

Question 18

1. how do you calculate the voulme of a regular object including units
2. What would the units of volume be in this case.

Answer 18

1. 5 x 2 x 3 = 30 cm^3

(cm cubed)

Question 19

What are the SI units for the following
1. volume
2. Distance
3. Mass
4. Time

SI uni is standard internation unit

Answer 19

1. litres (l)
2. metres (m)
3. kilograms (kg)
4. second (s)

Question 20

What is the formula for density?

Answer 20

Density= m/v

where
m= mass
v= volume

Question 21

How do you measure volume by the displacement method

Good for irregular objects

Answer 21

Question 22

Calculate the density of an object that has a volume of 12cm^3 and a mass of 60g

(cm^3) means (cm) cubed

Answer 22

D =m/v
=60/12
=5g/cm^3

(60/12) is 60 divided by 12

(cm^3) means (cm) cubed