BD+C terms Flashcards
IPD
Integrated Project Delivery; AIA’s IPD is a contractual agreement with the Owner, designer and

Simple Box Energy Model
a preliminary “simple box” energy modeling analysis before the completion of schematic design that explores how to reduce energy loads in the building and accomplish related sustainability goals by questioning default assumptions.
Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) maintains detailed maps with soil data identifying soil as prime, unique, or of state significance.
phase two environmental assessment
a phase two environmental site assessment demonstrates that contamination is present.
main logistics hub
defined as an airport, seaport, intermodal facility, or freight village with intermodal transportation.
walkshed boundary
The walkshed conveys a representation of walkability that is customized to the school address.
ZEV
To encourage building users to invest in green vehicles like a hybrid or zero emission vehicle (ZEV)
EPA Construction General Permit (CGP)
Where EPA is the permitting authority, construction storm water discharges are almost all permitted under the CGP.The CGP requires compliance with effluent limits and other permit requirements, such as the development of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP).Three different categories of action identified within the CGP must be followed for every project: erosion and sedimentation control, stabilization, and pollution prevention.
Riprap
is rock or other material used to armor shorelines, streambeds, bridge abutments, pilings and other shoreline structures against scour and water or ice erosion.
Silt Fence
a temporary sediment control device used on construction sites to protect water quality in nearby streams, rivers, lakes and seas from sediment (loose soil) in stormwater runoff.
Phase I ESA
The Phase I ESA must comply with ASTM E1527-05 procedures. Typical actions include review of historical records, site visit, interviews, and a full report documenting findings. No collection of physical samples or chemical analysis is done. LEED considers a Phase I ESA valid for 180 days.
Solar Detoxification
Solar detoxification uses the ultraviolet energy in sunlight to destroy contaminants.
Natural Land Cover Condition
Manage on site the annual increase in runoff volume from the natural land cover condition to the post-developed condition.
Riparian Buffers
is a vegetated area (a “buffer strip”) near a stream, usually forested, which helps shade and partially protect a stream from the impact of adjacent land uses. It plays a key role in increasing water quality in associated streams, rivers, and lakes, thus providing environmental benefits.
Uplighting
Uplighting is any light emitted above the horizontal plane of the fixture
Light Trespass
Light trespass is light extending beyond the lighting boundary.
Full Cut-Off
full cut-off’ meaning that there is a shield over the bulb which directs the light at the ground rather than up into the clouds.
Horticulture Therapy
is the practice of engaging people in plant or gardening activities to improve their bodies, minds, and spirits. Research confirms that healthful benefits accrue when people connect with plants by viewing, planting, growing, and/or caring for them.
Blowdown/bleed-off
Blowdown or bleed-off: When water evaporates from the tower, dissolved solids (such as calcium, magnesium, chloride, and silica) are left behind. As more water evaporates, the concentration of dissolved solids increases. If the concentration gets too high, the solids can cause scale to form within the system or the dissolved solids can lead to corrosion problems. The concentration of dissolved solids is controlled by blowdown. Carefully monitoring and controlling the quantity of blowdown provides the most significant opportunity to conserve water in cooling tower operations.
Cooling Tower Cycles
Many systems operate at two to four cycles of concentration, while six cycles or more may be possible. Increasing cycles from three to six reduces cooling tower make-up water by 20% and cooling tower blowdown by 50%.
Cycles Of Concentration
From a water efficiency standpoint, you want to maximize cycles of concentration, which will minimize blowdown water quantity and reduce make-up water demand.Dissolved solids increase as cycles of concentration increase, which can cause scale and corrosion problems unless carefully controlled.
Drift
A small quantity of water may be carried from the tower as mist or small droplets. Drift loss is small compared to evaporation and blowdown, and is controlled with baffles and drift eliminators.
Make-Up Water
The sum of water that is lost from the tower must be replaced by make-up water: Make-up equals Evaporation plus Blowdown plus DriftSince dissolved solids enter the system in the make-up water and exit the system in the blowdown water, the cycles of concentration are also approximately equal to the ratio of volume of make-up to blowdown water.
Ashrae Guideline 0-2005 & Ashrae Guideline 1.1–2007
ASHRAE Guideline 0-2005 and ASHRAE Guideline 1.1–2007 for HVAC&R Systems, as they relate to energy, water, indoor environmental quality, and durability. This is the guide that will be followed when commissioning the required systems.
Monitoring Based Commissioning (Mbcx)
monitoring-based commissioning. Monitoring based commissioning - or MBCx - is the integration of three components: permanent energy monitoring systems, real-time energy analysis, and ongoing commissioning.
Building Enclosure Commissioning (Becx)
The Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) process is utilized to validate that the design and performance of materials, components, assemblies and systems achieve the objectives and requirements of the owner. The BECx process achieves this through experience, expertise, modeling, observation, testing, documenting and verifying materials, components, assemblies and systems to validate that both their use and installation meet the owner’s requirements. The process uses performance oriented practices and procedures to verify that the project is achieving the Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR) throughout the delivery of the project.
Ashrae 90.1-2010
All spaces must now have automatic shut-off control
The lighting power density has to be reduced an average of 17% in different space types
Every spaces has to have vacancy or occupancy sensors to 50% or less of the lighting power
Exterior lighting must be turned off or operated at a reduced level during daylight hours
When a stairway is vacant the lights have to be reduced by at least 50%
Automatic daylight control is a requirement, so for daylight zones the lights have
to be under automatic control
All installed controls must be tested, like making sure the occupancy sensors and timers work
Direct Emissions vs. Indirect Emissions
Direct emissions, scope 1, are emissions from fuel that is directly burned at your building, for example natural gas that may be combusted to heat your property.
Indirect emissions, scope 2, are emissions associated with energy purchased from a utility, for example emissions associated with the generation of electricity or district steam.
Blighted
Blighted properly is defined as neglected, rundown or deteriorated, sufficient to constitute a threat to human health, safety, and public welfare.”
Extended Producer Responsibility (Epr)
Extended producer responsibility or EPR, is better known as a take-back program. EPR means that a manufacturer has established measures to reclaim its products at the end of their useful life and to recycle them into the same product in a “closed loop.”
Ashrae 62.1
The main point here is that ASHRAE 62.1 identifies minimum ventilation rates for the IEQ prerequisite baseline, whereas ASHRAE 90.1 identifies minimum construction specifications for the EA prerequisite baseline.
Ashrae 52.2
ASHRAE 52.2 addresses the filtration media in depth.
Daylight Autonomy
daylight autonomy, or sDA—the percentage of the “work plane” that is above 300 lux (28 footcandles) at least 50% of the time during occupied hours over the course of a whole year. The concept of “daylight autonomy” means designing a space such that it maximizes the amount of useful daylight, thereby minimizing the need for electric light. In mathematical terms, daylight autonomy is the percentage of annual work hours during which all, or part, of the lighting needs can be met through daylighting alone.
CBECS database
The Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) is a national sample survey that collects information on the stock of U.S. commercial buildings, their energy-related building characteristics, and their energy consumption and expenditures.
functional entry
a building opening designed to be used by pedestrians and open during regular business hours. It does not include any door exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not designed as a pedestrian entrance.
time-of-use pricing
an arrangement in which customers pay higher fees to use utilities during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time periods
A Phase I environmental site assessment (ASTM E1527–05)
is a nonintrusive survey that identifies potential or existing site contamination. It determines the likelihood of contamination in the soil, groundwater, and surface water and considers potential contaminants in buildings and structures on the site.
A Phase II ESA (ASTM E1903–11)
involves collection and testing soil, soil vapor, groundwater, and building material samples to determine whether and how much contamination exists on the site.
A Phase III ESA (not an ASTM standard)
can be a first step in the site remediation process. It includes more extensive sampling and testing than a Phase II ESA to determine the extent of the contamination identified in the Phase II assessment. Because the report includes an evaluation of remediation options, costs, and logistics, it may be more useful than a Phase II ESA for projects with known site contamination.
reference soil
a soil native to the project site, as described in Natural Resources Conservation Service soil surveys (or a local equivalent survey outside the United States), or undisturbed native soils within the project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil textures similar to the project site.
extensive vegetated roof
a roof that is covered with plants and typically not designed for general access. Usually an extensive system is a rugged green roof that requires little maintenance once established. The planting medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in depth.
intensive vegetated roof
roof that, compared with an extensive vegetated roof, has greater soil volume, supports a wider variety of plants (including shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important factor in determining habitat value.
zero lot line project
plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with the site limits
appurtenance
a built-in, nonstructural portion of a roof system. Examples include skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar energy panels.
evapotranspiration
the combination of evaporation and plant transpiration into the atmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquid water from soil, plant surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the movement of water through a plant and the subsequent loss of water vapor.
alternative daily cover (ADC)
material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they do not allow gaps in the exposed landfill face. (CalRecycle)
LEED Boundary
The LEED boundary is the portion of the project site submitted for LEED certification. For single-building developments, this is the entire project scope and is generally limited to the site boundary. For multiple building developments, the LEED project boundary may be a portion of the development as determined by the project team. (-USGBC)
Adaptations
The process of making adaptations to existing ratings systems and their credits provides an efficient and streamlined approach for responding to the particular needs, constraints, and opportunities of different project types.
Interpretations
LEED Interpretations are official answers to formal technical inquiries about implementing LEED on a project. These help project teams understand how projects can meet LEED requirements and provide clarity on existing options.
Who are responsible for OPR, BOD, Cx
The owner is responsible for updating the OPR throughout the project if changes are made.
The design team is responsible for the BOD.
The CxA is responsible for the Cx plan.
At a minimum, certain specific systems must be commissioned for fundamental commissioning. These systems include:
- Heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and HVAC
- Lighting & daylighting controls
- Domestic hot water systems
- Renewable energy systems (wind, solar, etc.)
Thermal Comfort Control
For thermal comfort control, 50% of individual occupant spaces must have individual comfort controls and all shared multi-occupant spaces must have thermal comfort control.
