Battle of Fulford

Question 1

When did “the king” die which led to problems

Answer 1

Edward the Confessor died on 5 January 1066

Question 2

Why was the king dying a problem

Answer 2

He had no heir

Question 3

Who were the contenders to the throne?

Answer 3

William the Conqueror
Harald Hardrada
Harold Godwinson
Edgar the Aetheling

Question 4

Describe Harold Godwinson

Answer 4

His sister was married to king. He was the kings advisor and a loyal soldier. He ruled the country on the kings behalf because he was focused on religion. He was promised the throne on Edward’s deathbed and he was the Earl of Wessex and an Anglo Saxon

Question 5

Describe Harald Hardrada

Answer 5

He was a Viking with Viking allies. Godwinson’s brother Tostig is on Hardrada’s side. Harald was the king of Norway and was related to King Cnut but he was kicked out of England from war. His half brother Edward the Confessor took the throne.

Question 6

Describe William

Answer 6

He was the Duke of Normandy and a French Norman. He was the cousin of the late king and they were very close. He was an experienced soldier using advanced military weapons

Question 7

Describe Edgar

Answer 7

He was the great nephew of the king and an Anglo Saxon prince. In 1057, Edgar’s father was named heir but he died before he was crowned. He was around 14 years old and lacked experience

Question 8

Who was crowned king and by who?

Answer 8

Harold Godwinson was crowned king the day after Edward’s death and he was chosen by the Witan

Question 9

Where was Harold Godwinson crowned?

Answer 9

Westminster Abbey

Question 10

What did harold do after being crowned

Answer 10

He stationed troops on the South coast to prepare from an invasion from the Duke of Normandy but he never invaded because of the northerly winds.

Question 11

What did Harold do on September 8

Answer 11

He disbanded his troops and went to London

Question 12

Describe Tostig

Answer 12

He was the previous Earl of Northumbria but his high taxes and brutal treatment made him disliked. Harold turned against him to maintain peace and made Morcar the new Earl.

Question 13

Who was Morcar’s younger brother

Answer 13

Edwin Earl of Mercia.

Question 14

Who is married to Harold

Answer 14

Morcar and Edwin’s sister

Question 15

How many ships and men did Hardrada bring and to where?

Answer 15

300 ships and 10,000 men up the River Ouse into York.

Question 16

What tributary was separating them

Answer 16

The Germany Beck

Question 17

What formation did the English army do

Answer 17

Shield wall

Question 18

What do Hardrada and Tostig do?

Answer 18

Hardarada hides with his strongest men behind a hill and Tostig is with the weaker men

Question 19

What was restricting the fight to immediately start

Answer 19

The Germany Beck was still flowing

Question 20

When did the fight start and what happened then

Answer 20

Around midday the water subsided and Morcar was easily defeating Tostig’s men. Hardrada’s army crept behind them and encircle the English

Question 21

How much men did the English have

Answer 21

4,500

Question 22

Describe the weapons they used

Answer 22

Hardrada used a double edged sword, the weapon of choice for Vikings and the English, and it was passed from father to son holding religious significance. Soldiers used a 5 foot Dane Axe but it required 2 hands to hold so you can’t hold a shield at the same time.

Question 23

When and how did “…” surrender to the Vikings

Answer 23

York surrendered to the Vikings on September 24 1066. They were supposed to prove loyalty by giving 150 hostages at Stamford Bridge. The Vikings waited with no weapons

Question 24

When did the Battle of Fulford take place

Answer 24

20 September 1066