basis of hair and nail Flashcards
what are the features of nails in psoriasis ?
nail pitting
salmon patch
nail pitting is a feature found in which dermatological diseases ?
psoriasis
atopy
eczema
what is the CP of onychomycosis ?
distal onycholysis
brittle nails
nail discolorations
what do yellow or green nails usually indicate ?
lymphatic obstruction in cardiopulmonary disease
what is beau line ?
a transverse depression in thee nail due to acute systemic illness that stopped the nail growth
what type of infection can case green nails?
candidiasis
or
pseudomonas
what are the different causes of koilonychia ?
spooning of the nail
anemia
diabetes
protein deficiency
what is pterygium characteristic of ?
lichen planus
fingernail or toenail infection are cured more quickly ?
toenail are cured more quickly
what are the different types of hair normally ?
vellus hair - fine light hair on most off the body
androgenic hair or terminal hair - thicker and darker
lanugo hair - coverrs the baby
what are thee three parts of a hair strand ?
medulla
cortex
cuticle
what are the three phases of hair growth ?
anagen - actively growing and lasts up to 6 years (9 growth phase )
catagen - in between phases
telogen - resting phase
what does hair length depend on ?
duration of the anagen phase
what alopecia ?
the abnormal loss of hair
what are the disease that fall under the band of non scarring alopecia ?
androgenic alopecia
low iron reserves
telogen effluvium
alopecia areata
hyper or hypothyroid
what is the cause of alopecia areata ?
non scarring type of alopecia
classified as an autoimmune disease
what are the triggers of alopecia ?
viral infection
hormonal changes
emotional or physical stressors
what is the diff between alopecia totalis and universalis ?
totalis - all scalp hair is lost
universalis - all hair on thee body is lost
what is the prognosis of alopecia areata ?
if its a single patch full regrowth of hair in 6 months for 40% off patients
multiple patches , 27% regrow in 12 months
33% have chronic alopecia areata
what is trichotillomania ?
irresistible urge to pull one’s hair
happens unconsciously
what is the management of trichotillomania ?
behavioural therapy
TCA
SSRI
what is the hair loss screen investigation ?
urea and electrolyte
LFT
iron TIBC ferritin
FBC
thyroid profile
ANA
