Basics of the CNS

Question 1

Describe the differences between the CNS and the PNS (2)

Answer 1

The CNS is cerebral hemispheres, brainstem, spinal cord - all surrounded in pia.
The PNS is dorsal and ventral spinal nerve roots, and peripheral nerves - no pia.

Question 2

Describe the parts of the brainstem and their roles. (7)

Answer 2

Midbrain - responses to visual and auditory stimuli.
Pons - feeding and sleep
Medulla - cardiovascular and respiratory brain centres; medulla oblongata.

Question 3

Describe the differences between gyri and sulci. (1)

Answer 3

Gyri - ridges

Sulci - gaps between ridges.

Question 4

Describe the sepeaations of function that are based on the position of sulci and gyri. (4)

Answer 4

Anterior to central sulcus - motor in the frontal lobe.
Posterior to central sulcus - sensory
Precentral gyrus - muscles
Postcentral gyrus - senses.

Question 5

What are the functions of the frontal lobe? (3)

Answer 5

Motor control, speech, personality, higher thinking.

Question 6

What is the corpus callosum? (1)

Answer 6

Fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.

Question 7

What is the uncus? (1)

Answer 7

Part of the temporal lobe of the inferior aspect of the brain that can herniate and compress the midbrain.

Question 8

What is the function of the occipital lobe? (1)

Answer 8

Vision

Question 9

What are the functions of the parietal lobe? (2)

Answer 9

Sensation and spacial awareness.

Question 10

What are the functions of the temporal lobe? (3)

Answer 10

Memories, smell, hearing.

Question 11

What are the functions of the cerebellum?

Answer 11

Co-ordination and motor learning.