Basic Structures Flashcards
Describe the platysma muscle. (2)
Depresses lower jaw and tenses skin of neck.
Cervical branch of facial.
Describe orbicularis oculi. (4)
Orbital portion: forceful closure of the eye - temporal branch of facial.
Palpebral portion: unconscious eye closure eg blink - zygomatic branch.
Examination: resist opening.
Describe levator palpebrae superioris. (3)
Elevates upper eyelid - occulomotor nerve.
Examination: check for ptosis.
Describe occipitofrontalis. (3)
Elevates eyebrows - temporal branch of facial.
Elevate eyebrows against resistance.
Describe the layers of the epicranial apineurosis. (5)
Skin Loose connective tissue Aponeurosis of occipitofrontalis. Dense connective tissue Pericranium. Spells SCALP.
List the 8 muscles of facial expression
Platysma Orbicularis oculi Levator palpebrae superioris Occipitofrontalis Epicranial aponeurosis Orbicularis oris Dilator muscles of the lips Buccinator
Describe orbicularis oris (2)
Closes mouth - buccal branch of facial.
Describe the dilator muscles of the lip. (3)
Separate the lips, buccal and mandibular branches.
Describe the buccinator. (3)
Flattens cheek to keep food from the space between check and gums - buccal branch of facial.
Blow out cheeks and resist ‘popping’.
List the 4 muscles of mastication.
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid
Masseter
Temporalis
Describe the lateral pterygoid. (3)
Protrudes mandible, opens jaw, moves jaw side to side. Mandibular.
Describe the medial pterygoid. (2)
Elevate jaw, side to side. Mandibular.
Describe the masseter. (3)
Elevates mandible. Mandibular branch. Palpate in clench just below zygomatic arch.
Describe temporalis. (3)
Elevates mandible. Mandibular branch. Palpate on clench in temple.
Describe the trapezius. (2)
Shrugs shoulders (test against resistance). Accessory nerve.