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Head and Neck > Basics of the CNS > Flashcards

Basics of the CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the Human Brain at a 90 degree angle to the spinal cord?

A

The frontal lobe of the brain flexes at around the level of the midbrain, the superior part of the hemisphere is actually dorsal. The inferior brain is actually ventral. Therefore dorsal/ventral brain structures are not necessarily closest to the back/belly respectively.

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2
Q

What is the function of the Midbrain (Mesencephalon)?

A

Part of the brainstem. Eye movements and reflex responses to sound and vision are undertaken.

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3
Q

What is the function of the Pons?

A

Part of the brainstem. Involved in feeding and sleeping as the trigeminal nerve is attached to the pons.

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4
Q

What is the function of the Medulla Oblongata?

A

Cardiovascular and respiratory centres (controlling respiratory rate and BP for example) and contains a major motor pathway (medullary pyramids).

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5
Q

Define a sulcus.

A

A groove in the brain separating adjacent gyri.

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6
Q

Define a gyrus.

A

A ridge/fold in the brain.

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7
Q

Define a fissure.

A

A large crack/split between adjacent large areas of the brain.

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8
Q

What is the function of the Frontal Lobe?

A

Higher cognition, motor function and speech.

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9
Q

What is the function of the Parietal Lobe?

A

Sensation and spatial awareness.

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10
Q

What is the function of the Temporal Lobe?

A

Memory, smell and hearing.

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11
Q

What is the function of the Occipital Lobe?

A

Vision.

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12
Q

What is the function of the Cerebellum?

A

Motor co-ordination and motor learning.

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13
Q

What sulcus seperates the Sensory (Dorsal) and Motor (Ventral) areas of the brain?

A

Great Longitudinal Fissure.

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14
Q

What is the function of the Optic Chiasm?

A

It is the site where fibres in the visual system cross over.

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15
Q

What is it called that the body is controlled by the contralateral side of the brain?

A

Decussation.

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16
Q

What is the clinical relevance of the Uncus?

A

Part of the temporal lobe that can herniate and compress the midbrain.

17
Q

What is the Medullary pyramids a location of?

A

Descending motor fibres (around 1 million axons each).

18
Q

What is the location of fibres connective the 2 cerebral hemispheres?

A

Corpus Callosum

19
Q

What is the function of the Thalamus?

A

Sensory relay station projecting to sensory cortex.

20
Q

What is the function of the Hypothalamus?

A

Homeostasis.

Head and Neck (6 decks)

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