Basics of Chemistry

Question 1

Science that deals with composition, structure and properties of matter and how they change under different conditions is the definition of:

Answer 1

Chemistry.

Question 2

The two branches of chemistry are:

Answer 2

Organic and Inorganic.

Question 3

Organic chemistry studies substances that contain:

Answer 3

Carbon.

Question 4

Metals, minerals, pure water and clean air do not burn and are considered:

Answer 4

Inorganic.

Question 5

Any substance that occupies space is the definition of:

Answer 5

Matter.

Question 6

What is an element?

Answer 6

The simplest form of chemical matter.

Question 7

Particles from which all matter is composed is the definition of:

Answer 7

An atom.

Question 8

Describe a molecule:

Answer 8

Formed by joining two or more atoms chemically.

Question 9

Describe an elemental molecule:

Answer 9

Containing two or more atoms of the same element that are united chemically.

Question 10

Describe a compound molecule:

Answer 10

Two or more atoms of different elements that are united chemically.

Question 11

Characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not cause a chemical change in the identity of the substance is known as:

Answer 11

Physical properties.

Question 12

Characteristics that can be determined only with a chemical reaction and cause a chemical change in the identity of the substance.

Answer 12

Chemical properties.

Question 13

A change in the form or physical properties of a substance without the formation of a new substance is called:

Answer 13

Physical change.

Question 14

Change in the chemical composition of a substance is known as:

Answer 14

Chemical change.

Question 15

A colorless, odorless, tasteless GAS and is the lightest element known. What is it?

Answer 15

Hydrogen.

Question 16

The most abundant element found on earth and is an odorless, and tasteless GAS.

Answer 16

Oxygen.

Question 17

A colorless, gaseous agent. It is about 4/5 of the air in our atmosphere and is found chiefly in the form of ammonia and nitrates.

Answer 17

Nitrogen.

Question 18

The gaseous mixture that makes up the earths atmosphere, its odorless, colorless. It contains a small amount of organic matter which is essential to plant and animal life.

Answer 18

Air.

Question 19

It comprises about 75 percent of earths surface and about 65 percent of the human body:

Answer 19

Water.

Question 20

What does pH stand for?

Answer 20

Potential Hydrogen.

Question 21

A neutral pH is:

Answer 21

7.

Question 22

A chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and the reducing agent is oxidized is called:

Answer 22

Oxidation-reduction reaction,

Question 23

Rapid oxidization of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light is called:

Answer 23

Combustion.

Question 24

These are used to stabilize skincare products by preventing oxidation that would cause a product to turn rancid:

Answer 24

Antioxidants.

Question 25

"Super" oxidizers that cause an oxidation reaction and produce a new free radical in the process are called:

Answer 25

Free radicals.

Question 26

A uniform mixture of ___ or more mutually miscible substances is called a solution.

Answer 26

2.

Question 27

Any substance that IS DISSOLVED by a solvent to form a solution is:

Answer 27

A solute.

Question 28

Any substance THAT DISSOLVES the solute to form a solution is:

Answer 28

Solvent.

Question 29

What is the difference between miscible and immiscible?

Answer 29

Miscible means mixable, immiscible means non-mixable.

Question 30

An unstable mixture of 2 or more immiscible substances is called:

Answer 30

Suspension.

Question 31

What type of substances are mixed together to form emulsions?

Answer 31

2 or more immiscible substances.

Question 32

Surfaces have two ends, what are they?

Answer 32

Hydophilic and lipophilic.

Question 33

Unstable molecules that cause inflammation, disease and biochemical aging in the body, especially wrinkling and sagging in the skin are called:

Answer 33

Free radicals.

Question 34

An unstable mixture of two or more immiscible substances (substances that normally will not stay blended) united with the the aid of an EMULSIFIER is called:

Answer 34

An emulsion.

Question 35

Oxidation is defined as:

Answer 35

The addition of the loss of hydrogen.

Question 36

The simplest form of matter, cannot be broken down into a simpler form without the loss of identity, this is known as:

Answer 36

An element.

Question 37

Having an affinity or an attraction to fat and oils (oil-loving) is called:

Answer 37

Lipophilic.

Question 38

An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is called:

Answer 38

An ion.

Question 39

An ion with a negative electrical charge is known as:

Answer 39

An anion.

Question 40

An ion with a positive charge is known as: ++

Answer 40

A cation.