Basics & definitions Flashcards
Movement definition
Involves a change in place, position or posture, relative to a point in the environment
Movements Temporal & Spatial characteristics
Temporal (time-related) - duration of an action & time the action occurs
Spatial (space-related) - direction & path of motion with respect to the 3D area of movement
Qualitative & quantitative analyses of movement
Qualitative - descriptive ( eg smooth, fantastic) but subjective
Quantitative - numerical evaluation based on data, can assess unobservable aspects eg force (harder to apply, expensive & time-consuming however but objective)
Kinesiology definition
- Scientific study of human movement
- Anatomical, physiological, psychological or mechanical human evaluation
- Primarily qualitative eg breakdown of a skill/identifying muscular contributions
Biomechanics definiton
- Study of the structure & function of the biological systems by the means of the methods of mechanics
- Derived from mechanics, involves motion & the effects of forces on living organisms
- More quantitative (eg speed, direction, application of forces)
Mechanics definiton
- Area of physics that consists of the study of motion and the effect of forces on an object
3 sections of biomechanical analysis
Performance analysis - running tehcnique, triple jump approach ect
Injury mechanisms - running style, footwear, surfaces ect
Exploring health outcomes - osteoporosis, osteoarthritis
Anatomy definition
The science of the structure of the body important for further understanding particularly injury research
Functional anatomy definition
Study of body components required to perform a human movement of function, useful for assessing injury risk or designing training
Transitional motion definiton
- Motion in a straight or curved line, in which different regions of the same object move the same distance (eg path of a sprinter forward hand movement during a hockey pass)
Angular motion definition
- Motion about a given point so that difference regions of the same part/object do not move through the same distance in a given time (eg knee flexion during running, somersault rotation)
Kinematics definition
Characteristics of motion from a spatial & temporal perspective wo/ reference to forces causing motion (eg how fast, high, far an object is moving/travels)
Variables = position, velocity, acceleration
Kinetics definiton
Examines forces acting on a system (human body/object), only the forces effects can be observed
Kinetics forces & analysis
Forces = external (ground reaction force), internal (muscle & bone)
Analysis - how a movement was produced or how a position was maintained
Systems - static & dynamic definitions
Static systems - systems that are not moving or are moving at a constant speed (at equilibrium)
Dynamic systems - systems that are being accelerated (use a kinematic or kinetic approach or both)
