Basics

Question 1

where are b cells found in lymph nodes

Answer 1

follicle

germinal centres

Question 2

where are t cells found in lymph nodes

Answer 2

paracortex

Question 3

where are MO found in lymph nodes

Answer 3

medullary sinuses - commincate with efferent lymphatics

Question 4

where are plasma cells found in lymph nodes

Answer 4

medullary cords

Question 5

what part of a lymph node is underdeveloped in digeorge syndrome (not velocardiofacial syndrome)É

Answer 5

paracortex

Question 6

splenic dysfunction makes susceptibility to what moos increase?

Answer 6

encapsulated

• strep pneumonia
• h influenza
• n meningities
• e coli
• salmonella
• klebsiella
• GBS

Question 7

where are T cells found in the spllen?

Answer 7

periarteriolar lymphatic sheath in the white pulp of the spleen

Question 8

where are B cells found in the spleen

Answer 8

follicles in the white matter

Question 9

where are apcs found in the spleen?

Answer 9

marginal zone between the white and red matter

Question 10

describe what you see post-splenectomy?

Answer 10

howell-joly bodies - nuclear remnants
target cells
thrombocytosis - no sequestration no destruction
lymphocytosis - no sequestration

Question 11

where is the thymus derived from

Answer 11

third pharyngeal pouch

Question 12

what is a Hassall corpuscle

Answer 12

containes epithelial reticular cells
found in medulla
Remember Dr G first term, first small group room

Question 13

loci of MHC I

Answer 13

HLA-A
HLA-B
HLA-C

Question 14

loci of MHC II

Answer 14

HLA-DR
HLA-DQ
HLA-DP

Question 15

what type fo antigen does MHC I expresse

Answer 15

endogenous (viral and self)

Question 16

what type of antigen does MHC II express?

Answer 16

exogenous (bacterial)

Question 17

hotdog MHC - Dr Young imm second term KBT

Answer 17

MHC II - alpha and beta, two transmembrane, invariant chain. ag in RER

Question 18

gyro MHC - Dr Young imm second term KBT

Answer 18

MHC II - alpha, b2 macroglobulin, one transmembrane, ag in acidified endosome (degrades invariant chain)

Question 19

crosses epithelium by transcytosis

Answer 19

IgA

Question 20

C reactive protein

Answer 20

positive/upregulated acute phase protein

opsonin; fixes complement and favilitates phagocytosis

Question 21

Ferritin

Answer 21

positive/upregulated acute phase protein

binds and sequesters iron to inhibit microbial iron scavenging

Question 22

Fibrinogen

Answer 22

positive/upregulated acute phase protein

coagulation factor; promotes endothelial repair; correlates with ESR

Question 23

Hepcidin

Answer 23

positive/upregulated acute phase protein

prevents release of iron bound by ferritin - anaemia of chronic disease

Question 24

what is elevated in anaemia of chronic disease

Answer 24

ferritin and hepcidin

Question 25

serum amyloid A

Answer 25

positive/upregulated acute phase protein | prolonged elevation can lead to amyloidosis

Question 26

albumin

Answer 26

negative/downregulated acute phase protein | reduction conserves amino acids for positive reactants

Question 27

transferrin

Answer 27

negative/downregulated acute phase protein | internalized by macrophages to sequester iron

Question 28

alternative pathway C3 convertase

Answer 28

C3bBb

Question 29

alternative pathway c5 convertase

Answer 29

C3bBb3b

Question 30

classic pathway c3 convertase

Answer 30

C4b2b

Question 31

classic pathway c5 convertase

Answer 31

C4b2b3b

Question 32

antigenic varation in bacteria

Answer 32

salmonella - 2 flaggelar variations borrelia recurrentis - relapsing fever n gonorhhoea - pilus protein

Question 33

antigenic variation in viruses

Answer 33

influenza HIV HCV

Question 34

antigenic variation in parasites

Answer 34

trypansomes

Question 35

live attenuated vaccines

Answer 35

``` MMR varicella sabin polio yellow fever influenza - intranasal ```

Question 36

inactivated/killed vaccines

Answer 36

``` rabies salk polio influenza - injected HAV RIP always ```