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Anatomy - FoM > Basics > Flashcards

Basics Flashcards

1
Q

Axial Skeleton

A
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2
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A
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3
Q

name the planes

A

Transverse
Sagittal
Coronal

Image: Coronal -> Sagittal -> Transverse/Axial

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4
Q

Opposite of distal

A

proximal i.e. closer to the trunk

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5
Q

opposite of medial

A

lateral (farther from the sagittal midline)

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6
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

Location: Joints ( articular)
* nose
* larynx
* trachea
* ribs

  1. artıcualr cartılage (knee, elbow, shoulder)
  2. costal cartilage = coinnecting the ribs to sternum
  3. nasal cartilage
  4. trachea, bronchi
  5. fetal skeleton = eventually ossifies to form bone

Structure: dense matrix of collagen fibers(type 2) providing stregtnh and proteoglycans (retaınıng water) contrıbutıng to flexıbılıty, most common

Function: smooth surface for joint movement + important in the growth and development of bones

smooth, glassy, bluish, translucent

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7
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Location: in areas subjected to high pressure + tension
* intervertebral discs
* menisci of the knee - stabilises the knee joint
* pubic symphysis - providing stability while allowing limited movement
* TMJ, temporomandibular joint - jaw joint, aiding in movement and function

Structure: dense network of collagen fibers(type 1) = tough + durable + contains more collagen fibers than hyaline cartilage making it more rigid and less flexible

Function: provides strength + support, absorbing shock and resisting compression

dense, tough , white

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8
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

Location: ear (auricle) + epiglottis + parts of larynx(containing vocal cords, used for breathing, swalloing, talking)

Structure: contains elastic fibers ++ collagen fibers
Function: provides flexibility and shape retention, allowing structures to retrun to their original forms after bending and stretching

yellowish, more flexible, elastic

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9
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Covers the ends of long bones in synovial joints (knee, elbow, shoulder)

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10
Q

inguinal region = groin

A

area adjoining the junctional crease between the front of the thigh and the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall.

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11
Q

perineum

A

thin layer of skin bn your genitals (vaginal opening or scrotum) and anus

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12
Q

opposite of supine

A

prone

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13
Q

synonym for inferior

A

caudal

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14
Q

opposite of superficial

A

deep

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15
Q

synonym of anterior

A

ventral

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16
Q

synonym of posterior

A

dorsal

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17
Q

opposite of inferior

A

superior = cranial = rostral

18
Q

DORSAL SURFACES
- posterior surface of wrist
- posterior surface of hand
- superior surface of tongue
- superior surface of foot

A
19
Q

Anterior surface of wrist is called

A

Volar

20
Q

anterior surface of hand is called

A

palmar

21
Q

inferiro surface of tongue is called

A

ventral

22
Q

inferior surface of foot is called

A

plantar

23
Q

largest muscle of the anterior chest wall

A

pectoralis major

24
Q

flexion

A

when the angle bn the bones at a joint decreases

25
Q

extension

A

when the nagle bn the bones at a joing increases

26
Q

circumduction

A

circular motion at a joint

27
Q

eversion of the foot

sole of foot rotates away from the median plane such that sole faces laterally

A
28
Q

inversion of the foot

sole of foot rotates towards the median plane such that the sole faces medially

A
29
Q

dorsiflexion of the foot

A
30
Q

plantarflexion of the foot

A
31
Q

movement terms applied to the hand
* flexion/extension of wrist
* extension, flexion of digits
* opposition of digits
* reposition of digits
* proination and supination of palm
* abduction of sigits, adduciton

A
32
Q

movement specific to thumb - all in comparison to the PALM
* abduction
* adduction
* extension
* flexion
* opposition
* reposition

A
33
Q

protraction

A

anterior movement of shoulder

34
Q

retraction

A

posterior movement of shoulder

35
Q

Cranial fossae (convex/ or concave?)

A

concavities

36
Q

ANTERIOR surface of the sternum is SUPERFICIAL or DEEP??? to the POSTERIOR surface of the sternum

A

SUPERFICIAL

37
Q

The ANTERIOR surface of the vertebra is SUPERFICIAL or DEEP?? to the posterior surface of the vertebra?

A

DEEP

38
Q

Mandibular ramus - location

Ramus = branch

A

vertical part fo the mandible

39
Q

what is this long bone?

A

HUmerus

40
Q

location + function

spleen

A
41
Q

organs located within the ribcage

surface projections of the organs of the trunk

A

Anatomy - FoM (7 decks)

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