Basic Terminology Flashcards
What is biomechanics?
The application of mechanical principles of the process of human movement
What is the difference between kinetics and kinematics?
- Kinetics: usually data driven, deals with the numerical forces and/or torque on the body
- Kinematics: generally describing the motion of the body
What does it mean when a term ends in “-ed” and the muscle is flexed?
- The position is being held in placed (in a flexed manner)
- Ex: flexed, extended
What does it mean when a term ends in “-ion?”
- Refers to the entire range of the motion
- Movement is described
- Ex: rotation
What does it mean when a term ends in “ing?”
- Refers to the process of moving
- Ex: walking, running
What is the body positioning used to describe the start point of every body movement?
Anatomical position
Abduction
Movement away from midline
Adduction
Movement towards the midline
What is the difference between a plane and an axis? How are they related?
- Plane: a 2D surface that goes on forever that cuts through the body
- Axis: What the movement folds / rotates around
- The axis is always perpendicular to the plane
- “Movement occurs in a plane, and around an axis”
What axis rotates within the sagittal plane? What movements are typically found going around this axis?
- The medial-lateral axis
- Flexion and extension
What axis rotates within the frontal plane? What movements are typically found going around this axis?
- The anterior-posterior axis
- Lateral flexion, abduction, adduction
How can you distinguish external and internal rotation?
Think of if a pin was put in the arm or hip, when rotating does the pin turn in (internal) or out (external)
What axis rotates within the transverse plane? What movements are typically found going around this axis?
- Vertical axis
- Rotations
- Horizontal abduction, horizontal adduction
