Basic Structures of the Face and Oral Cavity Flashcards
What two sections of make up the skull? And how many bones in each?
The cranium (8 bones) and the Face (14 bones)
Which 8 bones make up the Cranium?
- Frontal
- Parietal (2)
- Occipital
- Temporal (2)
- Sphenoid
- Ethmoid
Note: there are 8 bones but only 6 types because there are 2 Parietal and Temporal bones.
Which 14 bones make up the face?
- Zygomatic (2)
- Maxillary (2) - top jaw bones
- Palatine (2)
- Nasal (2)
- Lacrimal (2)
- Vomer
- Inferior conchae (2)
- Mandible - lower jaw bone
Note: only the Vomer and Mandible are single bones, the rest are doubles.
What are the two dental arches?
- Maxillary Arch (upper)
2. Mandibular Arch (lower) - u shaped bone that is strongest and largest in the face.
What is the joint called that attaches the Mandible to the Cranium?
This would be the temporomandibular joint (TPJ).
Think of it this way. The mandible connects to the cranium at the temporal bones. Temporal and Mandibular become Tempor/o/ mandibular or Temporomandibular.
What is the Oral Cavity?
- the Oral cavity or mouth is where dentistry is performed
- beginning of the digestive system
- contains sensory receptors and used to create speech
- poor oral health can affect other parts of the body
The Lips
- surround the oral cavity
- the corners of the mouth (where the upper and lower lips meet) are the commissures
- aid in speech and ingestion
- consist of two muscular outer folds with an outer mucosa
- vermillion border is the junction of the face tissue and the mucous membrane of the lips
What is the philtrum?
the indentation that extends from the nostrils to the vermillion border of the lips
What are the bucca?
This is the inside of the cheeks that is covered by a moist mucous membrane
What is the vestibule in the mouth?
- the space between the cheek and lips externally and the teeth and gums internally
- the facial surfaces (surface of the teeth facing the face) of the anterior and posterior teeth
- between the cheek and the gingiva is the buccal vestibule
- between the lips and gingiva is the labial vestibule
What is the Frena.
The fold of mucous membrane that connects two parts and limits their movements
Types of Frena
Buccal (cheeks) frena - connect the cheeks to the gingiva in the area of maxillary first molar.
labial (lips) frena - connect the tissue of the lips to the alveolar mucosa (tissue covering the bone)
lingual (tongue) frenum - limits posterior movements
Distema
when the maxillary labial frenum is too thick or wide, it keeps the two front teeth from coming into contact.
ankyloglossia
a congenital (present at birth) condition where the frenum is too short it can be corrected by a frenectomy, a surgical procedure that cuts or removes the frenum
Tongue
- the posterior (back) of the tongue is connected to the hyoid bone
- the anterior portion is attached only to the lingual frenum