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Latin > Latin Basic Sentence Practice > Basic Sentence Practice 2 > Flashcards

Basic Sentence Practice 2 Flashcards

The second deck in our basic Latin sentence practice package. Learn new vocabulary terms, as well as about the essential conjugations of the verb "to be."

1
Q

Translate to Latin.

to be

A

esse

to be - sum, esse, fuī, — (irregular). Note that esse does not have a fourth principle part like most verbs (you can’t “be been” anything).

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2
Q

Translate to Latin.

I am a farmer

A

Agricola sum.

I am - sum (irregular). Note that when using the verb “to be,” there is no “object” in the sentence: instead, what follows the verb in English is called the “Predicate Nominative,” and is declined in the Nominative case. (The Predicate Nominative of this sentence is in bold: “I am a farmer.”)

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3
Q

Translate to Latin.

You (singular) are new.

A

Novus es.

You (sg.) are - es (irregular).

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4
Q

Translate to Latin.

It is a horse.

A

Equus est.

He/she/it is - est (irregular). Remember that the “object” of “to be” is a Predicate Nominative.

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5
Q

Translate to Latin.

He is good.

A

Bonus est.

good - bonus, -a, -um.

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6
Q

Translate to Latin.

We are good.

A

Boni sumus.

We are - sumus (irregular).

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7
Q

Translate to Latin.

You (plural) are women.

A

Feminae estis.

You (pl.) are - estis (irregular).

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8
Q

Translate to Latin.

They are small.

A

Parvi sunt.

They are - sunt (irregular).

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9
Q

What is the present tense conjugation of the irregular verb esse (“to be”)?

A
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10
Q

Translate to Latin.

The students prepare.

A

Discipulī parant.

student - discipulus, -ī (masculine).

student - discipula, -ae (feminine).

Note that if a group of students contains boys and girls, use the masculine form.

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11
Q

Translate to Latin.

The queen is good.

A

Rēgīna bona est.

queen - rēgīna, -ae (feminine).

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12
Q

Translate to Latin.

The farmer shouts.

A

Agricola exclāmat.

to shout - exclāmō, exclāmāre, exclāmāvī, exclāmātus.

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13
Q

Translate to Latin.

Life is good.

A

Vīta bona est.

life - vīta, -ae (feminine).

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14
Q

Translate to Latin.

I like to swim.

A

Natāre amō.

to swim - natō, natāre, natāvī, natātus.

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15
Q

Translate to Latin.

The queen shouts to the woman.

A

Regīna feminae exclamat.

The Dative Case: Indirect objects in Latin are expressed by using the Dative case endings. Whenever you want the subject to give something to or do something for the object, use the Dative case, not the Accusative.

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16
Q

Translate to Latin.

The farmer swims to the queen.

A

Agricola rēgīnae natat.

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17
Q

Translate to Latin.

The farmer’s son prepares water for the horses.

A

Filius agricolae aquam equīs parat.

son - filius, -iī (masculine).

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18
Q

Translate to Latin.

The queen’s daughter loves the horse.

A

Filia rēgīnae equum amat.

daughter - filia, -ae (feminine).

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19
Q

Translate to Latin.

The sailor’s horse is small.

A

Equus nautae parvus est.

sailor - nauta, -ae (masculine).

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20
Q

Translate to Latin.

“Where are you, Brutus?”

A

“Ubi es, Brute?”

Vocative case: In speech, when addressing a person (or thing) that noun is put in the Vocative case. Normally, the Vocative looks just like the Nominative, but with second declension singular nouns ending in -us, that ending changes to -e, and nouns ending in -ius change to -ī.

21
Q

Translate to Latin.

The queen fights for victory.

A

Rēgīna victōriae pugnat.

victory - victōria, -ae (feminine). Many English words that end in -y are derived from Latin words that end in -ia (e.g. gloria, luxuria, militaria).

22
Q

Translate to Latin.

The farmer fights the horse.

A

Agricola equum pugnat.

to fight - pugnō, pugnāre, pugnāvī, pugnātus.

23
Q

Translate to Latin.

We seize the forest.

A

Silvam occupāmus.

to seize (i.e. capture) - occupō, occupāre, occupāvī, occupātus.

24
Q

Translate to Latin.

The woman prepares dinner.

A

Fēmina cēnam parat.

dinner - cēna, -ae (feminine).

25
Q

What is the Ablative of Means?

A

The Ablative of Means is a form of the Ablative case that is used to show how (i.e. by what means) an action is done.

There is no preposition used with the Ablative of Means.

26
Q

Translate to Latin.

They fight with a sword.

OR

They fight by means of a sword.

A

Pugnant gladiō.

sword - gladius, -iī (masculine). Note that gladiō is in the Ablative case, here used as the Ablative of Means.

Also note that, for this word, the Genitive case is shown as -iī – this is to make sure that the Genitive becomes gladiī with a double i, not gladī, with only one. (It is still a second declension noun.)

27
Q

What are the first declension noun endings?

A
28
Q

What are the second declension noun endings?

A
29
Q

Translate to Latin.

to be able to

A

posse

to be able - possum, posse, potui, — (irregular). Note that to say, e.g. to be able to swim, conjugate posse as necessary, then use the infinitive of the other verb.

30
Q

Translate to Latin.

I can swim.

A

Natāre possum.

I can, am able - possum (irregular). Note that to say “I am able to ___,” you do not conjugate the verb esse (“to be”) and combine it with posse.

31
Q

Translate to Latin.

You (singular) can fight.

A

Pugnāre potes.

you (sg.) can, are able - potes (irregular).

32
Q

Translate to Latin.

He can praise.

A

Laudāre potest.

he/she/it can, is able - potest (irregular).

33
Q

Translate to Latin.

We can swim.

A

Natāre possumus.

we can, are able to - possumus (irregular).

34
Q

Translate to Latin.

You (plural) can fight.

A

Pugnāre potestis.

you (pl.) can, are able to - potestis (irregular).

35
Q

Translate to Latin.

They can praise.

A

Laudāre possunt.

they can, are able - possunt (irregular).

36
Q

Translate to Latin.

to go

A

īre

to go - eō, īre, iī, ītus (irregular). Note that the third principle part can also appear as īvī.

37
Q

Translate to Latin.

I go.

A

Eō.

I go - eō (irregular).

38
Q

Translate to Latin.

You (singular) go.

A

Īs.

you (sg.) go - īs (irregular).

39
Q

Translate to Latin.

He goes.

A

It.

he/she/it goes - it (irregular).

40
Q

Translate to Latin.

We go.

A

Īmus.

we go - īmus (irregular).

41
Q

Translate to Latin.

You (plural) go.

A

Ītis.

you (pl.) go - ītis (irregular).

42
Q

Translate to Latin.

They go.

A

Eunt.

they go - eunt (irregular).

43
Q

Translate to Latin.

My horse is good.

A

Equus meus bonus est.

my, mine - meus, -a, -um.

44
Q

Translate to Latin.

The road is long.

A

Via longa est.

long - longus, -a, -um.

45
Q

Translate to Latin.

It is difficult to seize.

A

Occupāre dūrus est.

hard, difficult - dūrus, -a, -um.

46
Q

Translate to Latin.

Sailors like small waves.

A

Nautae parvās undās amant.

wave - unda, -ae (feminine).

47
Q

Translate to Latin.

My friend fights with a sword.

A

Amīcus meus gladiō pugnat.

friend - amīcus, -ī (masculine).

friend - amīca, -ae (feminine).

48
Q

Translate to Latin.

You carry water to me.

A

Aquam mihi portās.

Latin Basic Sentence Practice (5 decks)

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