Basic Principles of Structure and Function

Question 1

Four main categories of tissues

Answer 1

1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Muscle
4. Nervous

Question 2

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 2

Covers the outside of body and lines organs and cavities within the body

Question 3

Connective Tissue

Answer 3

Binds and supports other tissues
Three Types:
1. Collagenous Fibers (Bone, cartilage)
2. Elastic Fibers (Lungs, arteries)
3. Reticular Fibers (Liver, bone marrow)

Question 4

Muscle Tissue

Answer 4

Responsible for movement
Three Types:
1. Skeletal Muscle
2. Smooth Muscle
3. Cardiac Muscle

Question 5

Endocrine System

Answer 5

Transmits chemical signals called hormones to receptive cells throughout body via blood

Question 6

Nervous System

Answer 6

Transmits information between specific locations

Question 7

Homeostasis

Answer 7

Process of maintaining internal equilibrium with external environment

Question 8

Regulators

Answer 8

Use internal control mechanisms to moderate internal change in the face of external, environmental fluctuation

Question 9

Conformers

Answer 9

Allow their internal condition to vary with certain external changes

Question 10

Negative Feedback

Answer 10

Returns a variable to a normal range

Question 11

Positive Feedback

Answer 11

Amplifies a stimulus and does not usually contribute to homeostasis in animals

Question 12

Acclimation

Answer 12

Adjustment to a single environmental factor

Question 13

Acclimatization

Answer 13

Adjustment to multiple environmental factors

Question 14

Thermoregulation

Answer 14

The process by which animals maintain an internal temperature within a tolerable range

Question 15

Endothermic

Answer 15

Animals generate heat by metabolism

Question 16

Ectothermic

Answer 16

Animals gain heat from external sources

Question 17

Poikilothermic

Answer 17

Body temperature varies with its environment

Question 18

Homeothermic

Answer 18

Body temperature is relatively constant

Question 19

4 Ways to Exchange Heat

Answer 19

1. Radiation
2. Evaporation
3. Convection
4. Conduction

Question 20

Countercurrent Exchange

Answer 20

Arrangement of blood vessels in many marine animals and birds
- Countercurrent heat exchangers transfer heats between fluids flowing in opposite directions and thereby reduce heat loss