Basic principles of memory

Question 1

what are the features of primary memory?

Answer 1

portion of present space and time
linked to conscious experience
retrieval is effortless

Question 2

what are the features of secondary memory?

Answer 2

genuine past
unconscious- permanent
retrieval is effortful

Question 3

what are the features of sensory memory in Atkinson and Shiffrins modal model of memory?

Answer 3

sensations persist after stimulus
undergo rapid decay
stores for info include visual (iconic) and echoic (auditory)
memory of images fades after 1-3 secs

Question 4

what are the feature of working memory in Atkinson and shiffrins modal model of memory?

Answer 4

kind of work space to solve problems

filling up storage capacity doesn’t prevent ability to perform different task

Question 5

What are the 3 components of Baddelely and Hitch’s working memory model?

Answer 5

visuospatial sketchpad
phonological loop
central executive

Question 6

what is the visuospatial sketchpad required for?

Answer 6

holding a sequence of visually guided actions and seeing things in the minds eye

Question 7

how can the visuospatial sketchpad be divided?

Answer 7

visual cache: passively stores visual information about form and colour
inner scribe: stores spatial and movement info and can rehearse contents of visual cache

Question 8

What is the use of the phonological loop?

Answer 8

large effect of phonological similarity on remembering lists of words.

Question 9

What is the best level of processing for encoding long term memory

Answer 9

semantic (understanding meaning) as a deep level of processing

Question 10

what is context dependant memory?

Answer 10

perform recall better in same location as learnt information

Question 11

When is recall best?

Answer 11

if read out loud rather than rereading or studying then testing leads to better recall