Basic Principles Of Inheritance

Question 1

What are the 3 laws of basic principles of inheritance.

Answer 1

• Law of Dominance
• Law of Segregation
• Law of Independent Assortment

Question 2

Gene that produce “the same phenotype” in the organism whether or not it’s alleles are Identical.

Ex. (RR, Rr) ——the capital letters is called____???

Answer 2

Dominant genes

Question 3

The expression is “masked” in the presence of a dominant gene.

Answer 3

Recessive Gene

Question 4

Two genes of a pair segregate during gamete formation. Only one gene each pair in each gamete. During fertilization, the offspring receives one gene from male and one from female parent. This explains why there are variations in each organism.

Answer 4

Law of Segregation

Question 5

Alleles for one trait segregate “independently” from alleles for another trait.

Answer 5

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 6

What are the 5 Modification of Mendelian Genetics.

Answer 6

• Polygenic Inheritance
• Incomplete Dominance
• Codominance
• Pleiotropy
• Epistasis

Question 7

The phenotype of F1 hybrids is somewhere between the phenotypes of two parental varieties.

Answer 7

Incomplete Dominance

Question 8

A gene at one locus alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at second locus. Ex: Albinism, Alzheimer’s,

Other term: the suppression of a gene by the effect of an unrelated gene.

Answer 8

Epistasis

Question 9

A gene has “multiple phenotypic effect”.

a single gene affects two or more characters.

Answer 9

Answer: Pleiotropy

This occurs when one gene influences multiple phenotypic traits. Consequently, a mutation in a pleiotropic gene may have an effect on some or all traits simultaneously. A classic example of pleiotropy is the human disease PKU (phenylketonuria).

Question 10

An additive effect of two or more genes in a single effect.

Ex: height, skin color, intelligence, eye color.

Answer 10

Polygenic inheritance

Question 11

“two dominant alleles” affect the phenotype in separate distinguishable ways.

Ex: Calico cat have white and black color of fur.

Answer 11

Codominance

Question 12

How many chromosomes that each human have______.

Answer 12

46 all in all (23 pairs)

Question 13

How many chromosomes does a female body have?

Answer 13

46

44 and XX CHROMOSOMES

Question 14

How many chromosomes does a male body have.

Answer 14

46

44 and XY chromosome

Question 15

Sex limited traits. Identify the female phenotypes in terms of lactation of the following genotypes given.

• XXLL
• XXLl
• XXll

Answer 15

• Female Lactating
• Female Lactating
• Female not Lactating

Question 16

Sex limited traits. Identify the male phenotypes in terms of lactation of the following genotypes given.

*XYLL
*XYLl
*XYll

Answer 16

All of that means male not lactating.

Question 17

Traits are expressed in both sexes but more frequent in one than the other sex.

Ex: Baldness are more frequent to be present in Man than Woman

Answer 17

Sex- influence traits

Question 18

Give some examples of sex-linked traits.

Answer 18

*Red-green color vision
* hemophilia
* Duchene muscular dystrophy.

Question 19

Are Males more color blind than females for the reason that they only have one X chromosome. True or False?

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Are sex-linked traits occur mostly on males? True or False

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Who is the Famous Queen who has and a carrier of hemophilia; a condition which lacks protein for blood clotting

Answer 21

Queen Victoria

Question 22

Theses are traits are expressed exclusively in one sex or species.

Answer 22

Sex-limited traits

Question 23

What blood type exhibits codominance?

Answer 23

AB

Question 24

In red and white flowers exhibiting incomplete Dominance, what is the color of the intermediate offspring?

Answer 24

Pink / light pink / lilac