Basic Patient Care and Safety

Question 1

what is needed to be communicated between the techs and the pt’s nursing staff?

Answer 1

• need for pt’s chart
• pt’s ability to perform procedure
• pt’s mobility
• specific restrictions or precautions

Question 2

how do you establish correct identity of outpatients? inpatients?

Answer 2

outpts = two demographics
inpts = wristband

Question 3

what is needed when you transfer a patient back to their room?

Answer 3

• aiding them into bed + making sure they are comfortable
• raising the hand rails and lowering the bed
• reminding them of any instructions
• notifying staff of their return
• returning the chart
• letting staff know about radn safety + any instructions

Question 4

how often do we have to redo MSI training?

Answer 4

every 3 years

Question 5

how often do we have to redo IYM training?

Answer 5

every year

Question 6

what are some ways to prevent falls?

Answer 6

• proper assessment of pt condition
• clear pathway
• side rails up
• wheels locked
• proper monitoring

Question 7

who is at risk for falling?

Answer 7

geriatric pts, neurological/cognitive deficits/confused pts, pts that are heavily medicated or sedated

• anyone can.

Question 8

Sims position

Answer 8

patient on their side, forward arm flexed and posterior arm behind the body, body slightly flower with top knee slightly bent

Question 9

Trendelenburg’s position

Answer 9

inclined with patient’s head lower than the rest of the body, promotes venous return, do following BP drop (elevate legs)

Question 10

Fowler’s position

Answer 10

pt’s head raised anywhere from 15-90˚ from horizontal, support arms, head, knees, and feet

Question 11

Recumbent/decubitus

Answer 11

pt lying down, can be supine, prone, or on the sides of the body.
lateral position relieves pressure on most bony prominences

Question 12

Water’s position

Answer 12

pt supine with shoulders elevated so neck may be extended

Question 13

prone

Answer 13

face down, small pillow to support head and prevent flexion of cervical spine, feet over edge or cushion under feet

Question 14

TOD

Answer 14

aka caudal
pt SITS with camera under bed

Question 15

what immobilization device(s) needs to be ordered by a physician?

Answer 15

• restraints
• sedation

Question 16

what factors impact individual differences in pain?

Answer 16

• age
• culture
• emotion & anxiety
• fatigue
• personal coping style
• support system

Question 17

catheter bags should be kept (above/below) the level of the bladder. why?

Answer 17

below the level of the bladder to prevent back flow
don’t allow the bag to touch the floor

Question 18

what level should the catheter tubes be coiled at?

Answer 18

patient’s hip

Question 19

what is the most common nosocomial infection?

Answer 19

UTI

Question 20

what to do when there is a fire.

Answer 20

RACE
- remove yourself and others from danger
- pull the nearest alarm
- confine/contain by closing all doors, windows
- extinguish/evacuate

Question 21

what can cause musculoskeletal injuries?

Answer 21

• moving heavy loads
• repetitive tasks
• slips, trips, falls

Question 22

what are the “3 for the top” for proper body mechanics?

Answer 22

ears in line with shoulder
shoulders in line with the hips

Question 23

what are the “3 for the bottom” for proper body mechanics?

Answer 23

1. knees bent
2. core tightened + butt back
3. body weight over heels

Question 24

elbows are to be (away from body/tucked)

Answer 24

tucked

Question 25

safe effective grip is palms (up/down)

Answer 25

up

Question 26

what is the comfort zone?

Answer 26

between shoulders and hips

Question 27

if there is a height difference between coworkers, whose comfort zone are we working in?

Answer 27

tallest person's

Question 28

what is equal to the safest patient transfer?

Answer 28

1. maximum patient participation + 2. maximum equipment use + 3. minimum physical effort

Question 29

what are some "self" hazard assessments?

Answer 29

- physical - emotional - experience/training - communication - workload

Question 30

what are some "environmental" hazard assessments?

Answer 30

- room - lighting - noise/distractions - working surfaces - equipment

Question 31

what are some "patient" hazard assessments?

Answer 31

- communication - cognitive - emotional/behavioural - medical - function

Question 32

when is the initial functional assessment done?

Answer 32

within 24 hrs of admission or before first patient transfer

Question 33

what does the functional assessment look for?

Answer 33

- can pts move from lying to sitting to standing and eventually walking? - can the pt use assistive devices as they normally would? - what is the minimum level of assistance required?

Question 34

exceptions to performing functional assessments are...

Answer 34

- during emergency situations - physically unable - cognitively unable - abusive or aggressive

Question 35

independent transfer

Answer 35

- pt can bear their own bod weight - cooperative, predictable, and reliable in both physical and mental performance - can safely relocate themselves with or without the use of assistive devices

Question 36

minimum assistance transfer

Answer 36

same as independent transfer but with addition of... - may require verbal or physical cues - may require minimal assistance with equipment and/or personal item

Question 37

one-person transfer with belt

Answer 37

- can maintain balance when walking/shuffling feet and/or pivoting - requires one worker to provide hands-on assistance to move

Question 38

two-person transfer with belt

Answer 38

- has difficulty maintaining balance while walking/shuffling feet and/or pivoting - requires two workers to provide hands-on assistance to move

Question 39

sit/stand lift

Answer 39

- unable to stand for 15 secs but have partial weight bearing - may be unpredictable and/or unreliable in physical/mental performance - able to keep at least one arm outside the harness

Question 40

total lift

Answer 40

- can't bear weight - may be unable to follow instructions due to cognitive or physical disability - may be uncooperative in bhvr - unable to maintain sitting position

Question 41

bed rest

Answer 41

- confined to bed by physician's order or nature of their medical condition