Basic Neuro Exam Flashcards
Which spinal levels are testing by having pt Abduct, Flex, or Extend their shoulder
C5
Deltoid
Which spinal levels are you testing by having pt Flex their elbow?
C5, C6
Which spinal levels are you testing by having pt Extend their elbow?
C6, C7, C8
Which spinal levels are you testing by having pt Flex their wrist?
C6, C7
Which spinal levels are you testing by having pt extend their wrist?
C6, C7
Which spinal levels are you testing by having pt Abduct their fingers?
C8, T1
Which spinal levels are you testing by having pt perform opposition of their thumb?
C8, T1
Which spinal levels are you testing by having pt Flex their hip?
L2, L3, L4
Psoas and Iliacus
Which spinal levels are you testing by having pt Extend their hip?
S1
Gluteus maximus
Which spinal levels are you testing by having pt Adduct their hip?
L2, L3, L4
Which spinal levels are you testing for by having pt Abduct their hip?
L4, L5, S1
Which spinal levels are you testing for by having pt flex their knee?
L4, L5, S1, S2
Hamstrings
Which spinal levels are you testing for by having pt extend their knee?
L2, L3, L4
Quadriceps
Which spinal levels are you testing for by having pt Plantar Flex their ankle?
S1
Gastrocnemius
Which spinal levels are you testing for by having pt dorsiflex their ankle?
L4, L5
Tibialis Anterior
What Motor Dermatomes are you testing for with the Biceps?
C5-C6
What Motor Dermatomes are you testing for with the Triceps?
C6-C8
What Motor Dermatomes are you testing for with the Quadriceps?
L2-L4
What Motor Dermatomes are you testing for with the Gastrocnemius?
L5-S2
What are the signs of issues with an Upper Motor Neuron?
Hypertonia
Hyperreflexia
Pronator Drift
Positive Babinski
- Big toe bends back, rest of toes fan apart
What are the signs of issues with a lower motor neuron?
Muscle Wasting
Fasciculation
Decreased tone
Decreased reflexes
Muscle disease
What are the 4 systems required to coordinate movements?
Motor system - strength
Cerebellar System - rhythmic movement and steady posture
Vestibular System - balance and coordinating eye, body, head movement
Sensory System - For position sense
How do you test cerebellar function?
Finger to nose - voluntary movements
Finger to finger - evaluates position sense
Heel-to-shin - tap heel on opposite patella and glide heel slowly along the shin, look for accuracy and smoothness
Rapid Alternating Movements - rapid pronation/supination of hand - deficit seen in frontal and cerebellar damage
How do you test gait?
Have pt rise from chair with arms folded
May indicate proximal muscle weakness if unable to perform task
Also:
ROMBERG TEST
Generally evaluated with gait and station but is a test of proprioception (sensory test)
