Basic Histology Flashcards
Epithelium
A sheet of cells that are in direct contact with each other and rests on another tissue with free space (lumen) above it.
Simple Squamous Epithelium (structure)
Single layer of flat cells with disc shaped nuclei
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (structure)
Singles layer of cube shaped cells with spherical centrally located nuclei.
Simple Squamous Epithelium (function)
Small molecules pass through a membrane quickly, by processes of diffusion or filtration. I.e. In the lungs this Epithelium forms the thin walls of the air sacs where has exchange occurs.
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (function)
Forms the secretory cells of many glands, the walls of the smallest ducts of glands and the walls of many tubules in the kidney
Simple Columnar Epithelium ( structure)
Singles layer of tall cells aligned like soldiers in a row
Simple Columnar Epithelium (function)
Functions in the active movement of molecules namely like absorption and and secretion. I.e. Anal canal
Stratified Squamous Epithelium (structure)
Many cell layers whose surface layer is Squamous.
Stratified Squamous Epithelium (function)
Covers the often abraded surfaces of our body, I.e. the epidermis, mouth, esophagus and vagina.
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Many cells with the surface cells being Cuboidal, located in large ducts of some glands i.e. Sweat, mammary, and salivary.
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
Many cells where the surface layer is Columnar. Found in small amounts in the male urethra.
Transitional Epithelium
Lines the inside of hollow urinary organs.
As it stretches it thins from 6-3 and it’s apical cells unform and flatten.
“Balloon”
Pseudo stratified Columnar Epithelium
Cells are different heights, multiple rows, that don’t line up. i.e. Respiratory systems
Cilia
Projections of microtubules which wiggle to push fluids
Microvilli
Hair- like projections of the plasma membrane which increase the surface area of the apical surface for absorption
