Basic features of nematodes Flashcards
What are the two main types of Helminth?
Nematodes (roundworms)
Platyhelminths (cestodes and flukes)
What are the 5 features of a nematodes digestive system?
- mouth
- buccal cavity
- oesophagus
- intestine
- anus
Where are cervical papillae found on a worm?
Neck region
What are the male and female reproductive organs in a nematode?
Male: - Testis - Vas deferens - Cloaca Female: - Ovary - Uterus - Vulva
How can you differentiate between adult male and female nematodes?
o Females have eggs in the uterus
o Males are usually smaller, have decorated tails e.g. the trichostrongyles have a bursa and spicules
What are the two classes of platyhelminths (flatworms)?
Trematodes - flukes
Cestodes - tapeworms
What are the general characteristics of trematodes?
- indirect life cycle
- dorso-ventrally flattened
- hermaphrodite
- no body cavity or anus
What are the general characteristics of tapeworms?
- segmented
- no gut
- parasitic
- indirect life cycle
- hermaphrodite
Give examples of important protozoa in veterinary medicine
- Babesia
- Toxoplasma
Describe the cell structure of protozoa
- defined nucleus
- cytoplasm
- endoplasmic reticulum
- golgi apparatus
- mitochondria
- lysosomes
What features enable locomotion of protozoa?
Gliding
Flagella
How do protozoa replicate?
Sexual and asexual phases
Sexual = syngamy of gametes which fuse to form a zygote
Asexual = binary fission
Name the feeding stage of protozoa
Trophoziote
Give examples of helminths that commonly affect cattle
- GI nematodes
- Lungworm
- Liver fluke
- Tapeworms
Give examples of protozoa that infect cattle
- Babesia
- Neospora
