Basic Elements of Anatomy Flashcards
Dissection
The cutting of parts of an organism.
Anatomy
The study of the structure of an organism.
Physiology
The study of the function of the living organism and its parts, as well as the chemical processes involved.
Clinical Anatomy
The application of anatomical study for the diagnosis and treatment of disease, particularly as it relates to surgical procedures. Also known as Applied Anatomy
Systematic Anatomy
The description of parts of the body without reference to disease conditions. Also known as Descriptive Anatomy.
Gross Anatomy
The study of the body and its parts as visible without the aid of microscopy.
Microscopic Anatomy
The study of the structure of the body by means of microscopy.
Surface Anatomy
The study of the form and structure of the surface of the body, especially with reference to the organs beneath the surface.
Developmental Anatomy
The study of anatomy with reference to growth and development from conception to adulthood.
Pathological Anatomy
The study of parts of the body with respect to the pathological entity.
Comparative Anatomy
The study of homologous structures of different animals.
Electrophysiological Techniques
A technique that measures the electrical activity of single cells or groups of cells, including muscle and nervous system tissues.
Evoked auditory potentials
Auditory electrophysiological procedures that measure the electrical activity of the brain caused by auditory stimuli.
Respiratory Physiology
The study of function in respiration.
Cytology
The study of the structure and function of cells
Histology
The microscopic study of cells and tissues.
Osteology
The study of the structure and function of bones.
Myology
The study of muscle form and function.
Arthrology
The study of the joints that unite the bones.
Angiology
The study of blood vessels and the lymphatic system.
Neurology
The study of the nervous system.
Thorax
The chest region, which is the part of the body between the diaphragm and the seventh cervical vertebra.
Abdomen
The region represented externally as the anterior abdominal wall. In other words, the belly region.
Torso
Comprised of the thorax and abdomen components. Also called the trunk.
Dorsal Trunk
The region commonly referred to as the back.
Pelvis
The area of the hip bones.
Caput
The head, which rests atop the trunk (torso).
Upper Extremity
Consists of the arm (from the shoulder to the elbow), the forearm, wrist, and hand.
Lower Extremity
Consists if the thigh, leg, ankle, and foot.
Cranial Cavity
Where the brain resides.
The Vertebral Canal
Where the spinal cord resides.
Thoracic Cavity
Where the lungs and related structures are housed.
Pericardial Cavity
Where the heart resides.
The Abdominal Cavity
Where the digestive structures reside.
Anatomical Position
The body is erect and the palms, arms, and hands face forward.
Axial Skeleton
The head and trunk, with the spinal column being the axis.
Appendicular Skeleton
This includes the Lower and upper limbs.
Neuraxis
The axis of the Brain, which is slightly less straightforward, due to morphological changes of the brain during development. The embryonic nervous system is essentially tubular, but as the cerebral cortex develops,a flexure occurs and the telencephalon (the region that will become the cerebrum) folds forward. As a result, the neuraxis takes a T-formation.
