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Science: Thursday 19th Aug > Basic DNA structure > Flashcards

Basic DNA structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two long DNA strands called?

A

sugar phosphate backbones.

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2
Q

What are the spiralling strands amazing?

A

green coloured strands

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3
Q

Where does the nitrogenous bases extend from?

A

each sugar phosphate backbone, making the ladder steps

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4
Q

What is a base pair?

A

When nitrogenous base from one sugar phosphate backbone is joined, or bound, to a nitrogenous base on the other sugar phosphate backbone.

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5
Q

Who proposed the double helix model of DNA?

A

James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953

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6
Q

What bonded bases makes a base pair?

A

Two nitrogenous bases form a bond between the two DNA strands

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7
Q

What is a helix characterised by?

A
  • Two spiralling sugar phosphate backbones.

- Perpendicular nitrogenous bases bound in base pairs.

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8
Q

What is a double helix made of?

A

Two sugar phosphate backbones and nitrogenous bases

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9
Q

What is DNA in the shape of?

A

a double helix

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10
Q

what bases is always paired to the same bases?

A

the nitrogenous bases

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11
Q

(C) + (G)

A

Cytosine is always paired with guanine

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12
Q

(A) + (T)

A

adenine is always paired with thymine

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13
Q

what is the base-pairing rule?

A

Cytosine is always paired with guanine and adenine is always paired with thymine

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14
Q

what carries instructions for the cell to make proteins?

A

The sequences of bases within a strand of DNA

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15
Q

What is the sugar phosphate backbone is made up of?

A

deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

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16
Q

what are the nitrogenous bases bound to?

A

the deoxyribose sugar

17
Q

What is a nucleotide?

A

One phosphate, one deoxyribose sugar and one nitrogenous base

18
Q

what is DNA made up of?

A

repeating nucleotides

19
Q

what are the basic building blocks of DNA

A

nucleotides

20
Q

how is one string of DNA formed?

A

The deoxyribose sugar of one nucleotide will bind to the phosphate of another

21
Q

how is a double helix formed?

A

The two strings of nucleotides then bind to one another by their nitrogenous bases

22
Q

what is the sugar phosphate backbone is made from?

A

deoxyribose sugar and phosphates

23
Q

what are the nitrogenous bases bound to?

A

deoxyribose sugar

Science: Thursday 19th Aug (12 decks)

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