Basic dermatological terms Flashcards

1
Q

Flexural

A

Body folds i.e. groin, neck, behind ears, popliteal and antecubital fossa

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2
Q

Extensor

A

Knees, elbows, shins

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3
Q

Dermatome

A

An area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve

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4
Q

Annular

A

Circle or ring e.g. ringworm (Tinea corporis)

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5
Q

Discoid

A

A coin-shaped/round lesion e.g. Discoid eczema

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6
Q

Erythema

A

Redness which blances on pressure e.g. Palmar erythema

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7
Q

Purpura

A

Red or purple colour (due to bleeding into the skin or mucous membrane) which does not blanch on pressure e.g. Henoch-Scholnelin purpura

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8
Q

Macule

A

A flat area of altered colour e.g. freckles

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9
Q

Patch

A

Large flat area of altered colour or texture e.g. Vascular malformation

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10
Q

Papule

A

Solid raised lesion < 0.5cm in diameter

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11
Q

Nodule

A

Solid raised lesion > 0.5cm in diameter with a deeper component

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12
Q

Plaque

A

Palpable scaling raised lesion >0.5cm in diameter e.g. Psoriasis

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13
Q

Vesicle

A

Raised, clear fluid-filled lesion <0.5cm in diameter

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14
Q

Bulla

A

Raised, clear fluid filled lesion >0.5cm in diameter

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15
Q

Pustule

A

Pus-containign lesion <0.5cm in diameter e.g. Acne

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16
Q

Abscess

A

Localised accumulation of pus in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue

17
Q

Wheal

A

Transient raised lesion due to dermal oedema

18
Q

Scales

A

Flakes of stratum corneum

19
Q

Ulcer

A

Loss of epidermis and dermis (heals with scarring) e.g. Leg ulcers

20
Q

Clubbing

A

Loss of angle between the posterior nail fold and nail plate (associations include suppuprative lung disease, cyanotic heart disease, inflammatory bowel disease and idiopathic)

21
Q

Kolionychia

A

Spoon-shaped depression of the nail plate (associated include iron-deficiency aneamia, congenital and idiopathic)

22
Q

Onycholysis

A

Separation of the distal end of the nail plate from nail bed (assoications include trauma, psoriasis, fungal nail infection and hyperthyroidism)

23
Q

Pitting

A

Punctate depressions of the nail plate (associations include psoriasis, eczema and alopecia areata)