Basic Anatomical Terminology Flashcards
Describe the anatomical position
Standing upright and facing forward. Arms at sides with palms faced forward. Feet flat on floor and facing forward, legs together.
Cranial
Skull
Facial
Face
Cervical
neck
Axillary
armpit
brachial
arm
antecubital
front of elbow
antebrachial
forearm
carpal
wrist
palmar/volar
palm
digital/phalangeal
fingers or toes
femoral
thigh
patellar
front of knee
crural
leg
pedal
foot
tarsal
ankle
frontal
forehead
temporal
temple
orbital/occular
eye
otic
ear
buccal
cheek
nasal
nose
oral
mouth
mental
chin
sternal
breatbone
thoracic
chest
mammary
breast
abdominal
abdomen
umbilical
navel
coxal
hip
inguinal
groin
pelvic
pelvis
pollex
thumb
manual
hand
pubic
pubis
dorsum
top of foot/back of hand
hallux
great toe
occipital
base of skull
scapular
shoulder blade
vertebral
spinal column
olecranal/cubital
back of elbow
sacral
between hips
gluteal
buttock
perineal
between anus and genitals
dorsal
back
lumbar
loin
popliteal
back of knee
sural
calf
plantar
sole
calcaneal
heel
proximal
on limb closer to thoracic joint
distal
on limb further from thoracic joint
medial
closer to central line of body
lateral
further from central line of body
superior
closer to head on trunk
inferior
closer to hips on trunk
anterior
closer to front of anatomical position
posterior
closer to back of anatomical position
ventral
front of person
dorsal
back of person
cranial/cephalic
superior
caudal
inferior
intermediate
between lateral and medial
superficial
closer to skin
deep
closer to bone/deeper in body
Ipsilateral
same side of body
contralateral
opposite side of body
parasagittal plane
a plane parallel to the midsagittal plane
frontal/coronal plane
Cuts person in half along Y plane, so separates anterior vs posterior.
transverse plane
Cuts person in half along x plane, so separates head from feet.
midsagittal
cuts person in half along z plane, so separates left from right.
oblique
diagonal plane along the body
cranial cavity
formed by cranial bones and contains skull
vertebral canal
formed by vertebral column and contains spinal cord and beginnings of spinal nerves.
thoracic cavity
chest cavity, which contains pleural and pericardial cavities and the mediastinum.
Pleural cavity
a potential space between layers of the pleura that surrounds the lung.
pericardial cavity
a potential space between layers of the pericardium that surrounds the heart.
mediastinum
central portion of the thoracic cavity between the lungs; extends from sternum to vertebral column and from first rib to diaphragm. Contains heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and several large blood vessels.
abdominal cavity
contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of the large intestine. The serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is the peritoneum.
pelvic cavity
contains urinary bladder, portions of large intestine, and internal reproductive organs.
