Basal Ganglia Lecture

Question 1

basal ganglia

Answer 1

• a combination of telencephalic, diencephalic, and mesencephalic nuclei and tracts important to goal-directed movement, reward, and a variety of cognitive functions.
• can be functionally split into 2 (or maybe 3?[limbic]) systems

Question 2

striatum (dorsal striatum)

Answer 2

caudate + putamen

Question 3

what separates the caudate and putamen

Answer 3

the internal capsule

Question 4

ventral striatum

Answer 4

nucleus accumbens

Question 5

caudate and its relation to ventricles

Answer 5

caudate lies alongside much of the lateral ventricle in each hemisphere

Question 6

SELECTION/INITATION OF MOTOR SEQUENCES

“best known motor system”

Answer 6

sensorimotor and posterior parietal cortex&raquo_space; caudate/putamen&raquo_space;; external and internal globus pallidus&raquo_space; subthalamic nucleus&raquo_space; thalamic motor nuclei (notably the ventrolateral nucleus)&raquo_space; premotor, supplementary motor, and primary motor cortices.

Question 7

TEMPORAL ORGANIZATION OF CURRENT AND PAST BEHAVIORS;
RESPONSE INHIBITION; JUDGEMENT-BASED DECISION MAKING.

“cognitive system: emerging recognition”

Answer 7

inputs from all association cortices&raquo_space; striatum &raquo_space; GPe and GPi &raquo_space; SubThlamicNucleus&raquo_space; thalamic nuclei (notably the dorsomedial nucleus)&raquo_space; prefrontal cortical regions.